水滑石基稀燃氮氧化物吸附捕集（LNT）催化剂对柴油机排气氮氧化物的催化反应特性及反应机理的研究

项目名称： 水滑石基稀燃氮氧化物吸附捕集（LNT）催化剂对柴油机排气氮氧化物的催化反应特性及反应机理的研究

项目编号： No.51476116

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 能源与动力工程

项目作者： 宋崇林

作者单位： 天津大学

项目金额： 86万元

中文摘要： 稀燃氮氧化物捕集（LNT）技术是目前解决中、小型柴油机氮氧化物排放的最有效方法之一。项目围绕新型水滑石基LNT催化剂应用于柴油机NOx控制的相关基础理论问题，采用先进的化学测试手段、理论计算和发动机试验技术，研究反应条件对LNT催化剂吸附-还原反应催化活性及选择性的影响规律，探求催化剂理化特性及柴油机排气条件对LNT催化剂表面活性过渡态物种及微观反应历程的影响机制，分析LNT反应过程中NH3等中间反应产物的转化规律，构建新型LNT催化剂催化氮氧化物吸附-还原反应的理论模型。同时，在真实柴油机排气条件下开展新型LNT催化剂催化吸附-还原反应规律的研究，并揭示催化剂在柴油机排气条件下的失活机理。研究结果对今后进一步降低柴油机NOx排放，满足更加严格的排放法规，具有重要的理论意义和潜在的实际价值。

中文关键词： 柴油机；稀燃氮氧化物吸附捕集；水滑石基催化剂；反应特性；反应机理

英文摘要： At present, lean NOx trap (LNT) is one of the most effective methods to reduce the NOx emissions from light-duty diesel engines.This project focuses on the related basic theories for the diesel NOx abatement used hydrotalcite-based LNT catalysts. In this study, advanced chemical testing methods, theoretical calculation and engine test techniques will be performed to explore the effects of reaction conditions on the adsorption-reduction and selectivity of NOx on the LNT catalysts. Meanwhile, the effects of physical and chemical properties of catalysts and diesel engine operating conditions on the surface activity sites of LNT catalyst,the transition state species and micro-reaction mechanism will be investigated. The evolution of intermediate reaction products, such as NH3, will be analyzed during reaction process. New theory models for NOx adsorption-reduction reaction on the hydrotalcite-based LNT catalysts will be constituted as well. Under the diesel engine operating conditions, the performance of new LNT catalysts will be studied, and the catalyst deactivation mechanisms will be revealed. The results obtained in the present work are significantly important for further reducing NO emissions from diesel engines and meeting more and more stringent emission norms in both theory and practice.

英文关键词： Diesel engine;Lean NOx trap;Hydrotalcite-based catalyst;Catalytic performance;Reaction mechanism