中子衍射在不锈钢材料焊接应力辐照松弛行为的研究

项目名称： 中子衍射在不锈钢材料焊接应力辐照松弛行为的研究

项目编号： No.11205248

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 物理学II

项目作者： 高建波

作者单位： 中国原子能科学研究院

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 核电站的安全性很大程度上取决于核电材料在高温高压水和辐照条件下长期服役的可靠性。特别是在核岛中工作的材料经受着辐照的影响，会导致材料性能的不断退化。在此特定环境中服役的关键材料的失效往往会导致灾难性事故，危及民众和环境的安全。国际上核电先进国家长期运行的经验表明，以应力腐蚀开裂为代表的环境促进开裂已成为压水堆构件失效的主要原因之一。残余拉应力的存在是导致应力腐蚀裂纹在焊接区域附近生成并扩展的关键因素,应力分布及其演化是裂纹生长精确预算和核电站组件质量安全评估的重要依据,中子辐照会引起应力松弛行为，与部件的质量、安全和寿命密切相关。拟利用中子衍射在工程部件三维、无损、深度残余应力测量分析的独特优势，对不锈钢焊接应力辐照松弛行为进行系统的研究，给出中子辐照与应力松弛之间的定量关系。为深入研究关键材料残余应力分布和演化与腐蚀开裂的内在联系机理，以及核电站长期运行的安全性、可靠性评估提供参考数据。

中文关键词： 中子衍射；残余应力；放射性样品；不锈钢焊接；

英文摘要： The material reliability plays an important role in nuclear power plant safety. Especially in the center of the plant, the material is affected by the high radiation, and that will make the material degraded. The failure of the material may lead to serious accident; do much harm to the people and environment. The experience of the running nuclear power plant shows that stress corrosion crack (SCC) is one of the major reasons for the plant failure accident.SCC growth occurs around a welded zone because of its residual tension stress, so that stress is one of the important factors for evaluation of SCC growth. Therefore, stress evaluation is important for accurate prediction of SCC growth and for evaluation of health of nuclear reactor components. The neutron radiation can induce stress relaxation in reactor components. And the experiment data will help to study the safety and severice life of the reactor componments.The objectives of this study are to obtain radiation-induced stress relaxation data in welded stainless steel and to evaluate the radiation-induced stress relaxation behavior. Neutron diffraction is the unique non-destructive method, which can facilitate 3-D mapping of residual stress in a bulk component up to now. And it is an ideal tool to make further research on characterizing the residual stress

英文关键词： neutron diffraction；residual stress；radioactive sample；welded stainless steel；