表面接枝含能硼基复合物的构筑及其爆轰加载下的燃烧催化性能研究

项目名称： 表面接枝含能硼基复合物的构筑及其爆轰加载下的燃烧催化性能研究

项目编号： No.11502249

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 郑保辉

作者单位： 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 改善混合炸药中金属颗粒的点火燃烧性能，是混合炸药研究亟需解决的问题，对于提高炸药的能量水平和毁伤效应具有重要意义。项目拟通过量子力学等理论方法和有机化学合成手段，制备硝基水杨醛、四唑衍生物等含能配体分子。以硼为配位中心，在硼颗粒表面接枝修饰含能硼基配合物分子，将其作为硼颗粒的燃烧催化剂。通过改变配体类型、取代基、硼成键原子，进而调控配位中心原子硼的电子云密度、Lewis酸性和配合物能量特性，从而影响其燃烧催化性能。利用爆热、圆筒、DISAR、水下爆轰等试验方法，获得含硼炸药的能量释放规律，探索取代基、配体能量、硼原子电荷、配体结构与其燃烧催化性能的构效关系，建立爆轰加载下表面接枝含能硼基复合物点火燃烧模型。项目设计的表面接枝含能硼基复合物具有环境友好、含能、界面结合紧密、结构稳定等优点；爆轰加载下的燃烧催化性能研究，将丰富和拓展金属化炸药的理论和应用。

中文关键词： 炸药爆炸；能量利用率；硼；复合物；燃烧催化

英文摘要： Improving the ignition and combustion property of metal power is one of the key problems need to be settled immediately in the studies of explosives, which is extraordinary favorable for the improvement of energy level and damage effect of explosives. In this research project, by organic synthesis and theoretical methods of quantum mechanics and so on, energetic ligands such as derivates of nitrosalicylaldehyde, tetrazole, will be manufactured. With boron as coordination center, the energetic complexes will be grafted on the surface of boron particle, which are used as its combustion catalysts. By altering the ligand stytle, substituent group and bonding atom with boron, the electric density, lewis acidity of the center atom boron, and energetic property will be adjusted accordingly, then the combustion catalytic effect is affected. Utilizing experiments of explosion heat, cyclinder test, DISAR, and detonation test under water, energy release laws of the explosives containing boron power would be obtained, then the structure-activity relationship between substituent group, energy of ligand, electric charge of boron, ligand structure and the combustion catalytic effect would be investigated. At last, the ignition and combustion model of the grafted boron-based energetic composites would be founded. The designed surface-grafted energetic composites are environment friendly, energetic, well-knit, structure stable and so on, and their studies on the combustion catalytic effects under detonation will enrich and prolongate the theory and application of metallized explosives.

英文关键词： explosion of explosives;energy utilization efficiency;boron;composite;combustion catalytic effect