末次盛冰期以来我国不同气候区植物多样性变化研究—以云南和黄土高原为例

项目名称： 末次盛冰期以来我国不同气候区植物多样性变化研究—以云南和黄土高原为例

项目编号： No.41472318

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 姜文英

作者单位： 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所

项目金额： 116万元

中文摘要： 目前，CO2等温室气体排放及其导致的全球增温引起了科学界和社会公众的关注。IPCC和一些西方权威学者认为增温将对人类社会和生态系统造成灾难性后果。为评估增温对我国不同气候区带来的环境后果，本项目拟在西南季风区的云南选择3个湖泊，在东亚夏季风边缘区的黄土高原选择1个湖泊和12个黄土剖面，通过年代学、沉积学、生物学和地球化学等研究，重建末次盛冰期以来西南季风区和东亚季风区植被和气候变化历史。在此基础上，定量－半定量重建末次盛冰期至全新世适宜期的温度变化，运用辛普森指数（Simpson's diversity Index）和香农指数（Shannon-Weiner Index）等生物多样性指数统计植物多样性的变化，探讨不同地区和气候条件下植物多样性对增温过程的响应和机制，为未来增温的环境效应评估提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 末次盛冰期；全新世；植物多样性；云南；黄土高原

英文摘要： Recent years have seen a strong focus on CO2-induced global warming and resultant environmental impact both within the scientific community and general public. IPCC, together with some authoritative scholars, suggested that global warming could lead to a catastrophe in human society and ecological system. This raises a quention if the fearful predictions will come true in densely populated China in the near future. Warm periods in the geological past are widely used as analogues for future warming. In order to evaluate the global warming impact on vegetation in different climatic provinces of China, this research program will investigate sediments from three lakes in Yunnan, the Indian monsoon region, and those from a lake and twelve loess sections in the Loess Plateau, the marginal zone of the East Asian summer monsoon area. Based on sedimentology, AMS 14C dating, pollen and geochemistry studies, we will reconstruct the vegetation and climate history since the Last Glacial Maximum in the two different climatic provinces. Our detailed aims are: (1) To reconstruct temperature changes from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Holocene Optimum using a pollen-based modern analogue technique; (2) To analyse variations of plant diversity through biodiversity indices (e.g. Simpson's diversity Index and Shannon-Weiner Index); (3) To explore the response of plant diversity to temperature changes in different climatic provinces of China.

英文关键词： Last Glacial Maximum;Holocene;plant diversity;Yunnan;Loess Plateau