微/纳米结构导电聚合物/粘土复合材料的合成及其吸附重金属离子的构效关系

项目名称： 微/纳米结构导电聚合物/粘土复合材料的合成及其吸附重金属离子的构效关系

项目编号： No.21207001

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 环境化学

项目作者： 陈均

作者单位： 安徽工业大学

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 由于重金属污染物很难被分解和破坏，一旦排入环境将导致永久性污染。目前我国重金属废水的污染问题日渐突出，而现有的物理化学方法，很难同时满足效率高、成本与二次污染低等综合性能俱佳的要求。本项目以粘土表面修饰的高分子酸为"桥"，利用其对导电聚合物的掺杂作用，通过原位化学氧化聚合制备高比表面积微/纳米结构导电聚合物/粘土复合材料；综合导电聚合物与粘土优异的重金属离子吸附特性，实现复合材料对水中重金属离子的协同吸附，净化重金属离子废水；探讨复合材料的可控制备、形成机理及其微/纳米结构与重金属离子吸附性能之间的"构-效"关系，为发展具有应用价值的重金属废水吸附材料提供新颖制备途径与基础理论依据。

中文关键词： 微/纳米结构；复合材料；导电聚合物；粘土；重金属离子吸附

英文摘要： Due to the infeasibility of decomposition or destruction of heavy metal pollutants, permanent pollution will occur once heavy metal pollutants were discharged into the environment. At present, the pollution problem of heavy metal waste water becomes more and more serious in our country and many physical or chemical methods have also been applied to treat heavy metal wastewater. However, these methods are hard to at the same time satisfy the demands of a technique with all-around excellence such as high efficiency, low cost and no second contamination. In this project, conducting polymer/clay composites with micro/nano-structure and high specific surface areas are prepared by in situ chemical oxidization polymerization during which the polymer acid on the surface of clay platelets is used as dopant of conducting polymer and play a "bridge" role to combine conducting polymer with clay. It is expected to remove the heavy metal ions from wastewater by using conducting polymer/clay composites via the synergy adsorption effect, which is owing to the excellence adsorption characteristics of conducting polymer and clay. The controlled preparation and formation mechanism of micro/nano-structural conducting polymer/clay composites are discussed and their correlations of structure and adsorption behavior for heavy metal i

英文关键词： micro/nano-structure；composite；conducting polymer；clay；adsorption for heavy metal ions