江湖水量交换对石臼湖藻类群体化聚集与小型化演替的影响

项目名称： 江湖水量交换对石臼湖藻类群体化聚集与小型化演替的影响

项目编号： No.31470507

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 谭啸

作者单位： 河海大学

项目金额： 86万元

中文摘要： 世界自然基金会（WWF）主办的野外调查发现石臼湖是长江中下游仅存的3个自然通江湖泊之一，该湖已入选亚洲湿地名录和省级自然保护区，具有重要的生态价值和社会意义。在长江水位和江湖水量交换的影响下，石臼湖水位和水质均出现周期性变化，枯水期的富营养化趋势为藻类群体化聚集和小型化演替提供了极大可能。目前石臼湖超微藻（0.2-2μm）浓度较高，局部出现蓝藻群体颗粒，亟需防控水华风险。计划建设的水源地和蓄水工程进一步增加了石臼湖藻类研究的必要性和紧迫性。本项目借助激光粒度仪、流式细胞仪以及分子生物学技术对石臼湖藻类群体化聚集与小型化演替过程进行定性和定量表征，通过实测数据和数理模型进行多元统计分析，揭示各个环境因子对藻类群落结构变化的贡献率，探明江湖水量交换的藻类生态效应，对有害藻类进行预警，为石臼湖水环境保护和水利工程的合理评价提供科学依据，为江湖关系的生态影响研究提供借鉴。

中文关键词： 富营养化；藻类群落；群体化；小型化；超微藻

英文摘要： Field investigation organized by World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) found that Shijiu Lake is one of the three lakes directly linked to Yangtze river in its middle and lower reaches. Shijiu Lake had been selected in Asian wetland directory and provincial nature reserve, with important ecological value and social significance. Under the influence of the Yangtze River and water exchange between river and lake, water levels and qualities of Shijiu Lake performed periodical changes, eutrophic tendency in dry season provided the greatest chance for algal colony aggregation and miniaturizing succession. Nowadays, in this lake picophytoplankton (0.2-2μm) concentration is fairly high, cyanobacterial colony particles are found in local regions, some measures are needed to prevent and control risks of water blooms. The forthcoming project of water source and storage engineering will further increase the necessity and urgency of algal research in Shijiu Lake. In the present study, process of algal colony aggregation and miniaturizing succession will be qualitative and quantitative expressed by means of laser particle analyzer, flow cytometry, and molecular biotechnology. Contribution of different environmental factors to variation of phytoplankton community structure will be investigated by multivariate statistical analysis according to measured data and mathematical models, so as to explore algae ecological effects of water exchange between Yangtze river and Shijiu Lake, and perform early warning for harmful algae. This study could provide scientific basis for environment protection of Shijiu Lake and could put forward reasonable evaluation for hydraulic engineering. Moreover, it will provide references for the research on ecological impacts of relationship between river and lake.

英文关键词： eutrophication;phytoplankton community;colonization;miniaturization;picophytoplankton