大兆瓦级风电制动器制动机理及多目标结构优化

项目名称： 大兆瓦级风电制动器制动机理及多目标结构优化

项目编号： No.51475066

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 张生芳

作者单位： 大连交通大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 针对目前国产大兆瓦级风电制动器制动可靠性差、制动闸片使用寿命短等问题，深入进行制动闸片的摩擦磨损规律、制动与补偿机构动力学特性和可靠性评估方法以及制动器结构拓扑优化设计研究。内容主要包括：建立制动摩擦副局部闪温和名义表面温升模型，分析其温度梯度与热变形的变化及分布规律，研究热-力耦合作用下制动闸片的摩擦磨损规律及热衰退性；分析在高速重载制动工况下风电制动器制动与补偿机构的动态特性，揭示其在接触瞬时、划擦及制动振颤阶段对制动效能的影响机理，提出制动与补偿机构可靠性评估方法；实现温度场与弹性场耦合作用下的高效能低损耗制动器多目标结构拓扑优化，研制出适用于高速重载工况的大兆瓦级新型风电制动器。研究成果对于丰富我国风电制动器的设计理论、提高大兆瓦级风电制动器的设计和制造水平、有效改变大兆瓦级风电制动器过度依赖进口的局面、推动绿色能源事业的快速发展等方面具有重要理论意义和应用价值。

中文关键词： 大兆瓦级风电制动器；制动机理；热力耦合；动态特性；拓扑优化

英文摘要： Aim to the problems existing in brake of high-megawatt class wind-driven generator, such as low braking reliability and short longevity of brake ling, the friction and wearing principle of brake ling, the dynamic characteristics and reliability evaluation method of braking and compensating components, the topology optimization design of brake structure are studied deeply. The detailed research contents include: (1) By building flash thermal model and nominal surface thermal model of the pair of friction components, and analyzing the transformation and distribution of temperature gradient and thermal distortion, the friction and wearing principle and thermal declination of brake ling by thermal-mechanical coupling action are studied; (2) The dynamic characteristics of braking and compensating components in high-speed and heavy-load braking operating mode are analyzed, the acting mechanism of braking and compensating components to braking efficiency in the stage of instantaneous contact, sliding and scraping and librating are revealed, the reliability evaluation method of braking and compensating components is presented; (3) The multiobjective topology optimization of brake structure by coupling action of temperature field and elastic field is realized, the new-style brake of high-megawatt class wind-driven generator which can applied in high-speed and heavy-load operating mode is designed. The research findings have important scientific and practiical significance in richening design theory of brake in wind-driven generator, improving the design and manufacturing level of brake of high-megawatt class wind-driven generator, changing the excessive import relying actuality of brake in high-megawatt class wind-driven generator, and enhancing the rapid development of green energy source of our country.

英文关键词： Brake of High-megawatt Class Wind-driven Generator;Braking Mechanism;Thermal-Mechanical Coupling;Dynamic Charecteristics;Topology Optimization