扎龙湿地重金属环境地球化学特征及植物富集研究

项目名称： 扎龙湿地重金属环境地球化学特征及植物富集研究

项目编号： No.41501547

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 叶华香

作者单位： 哈尔滨师范大学

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 湿地承接了由环境变迁及人类活动所产生的大量污染物，成为重要的环境污染物集聚地。湿地污染引起了世界各国专家学者的关注，尤其是重金属污染，是当前湿地污染研究的重点和热点。本项目以目前受干扰频繁的国家级自然保护区扎龙湿地为研究对象，以3S技术和地统计学方法为基础，通过资料收集、现场调查、野外采样及实验室内样品测定等，系统分析扎龙湿地重金属的分布规律、赋存形态特征，探讨扎龙湿地重金属污染来源及控制因素，评价扎龙湿地重金属污染等级，重现扎龙湿地重金属污染历史，揭示重金属污染与人类活动的响应机制。在此基础上，分析扎龙湿地重金属植物富集特征，筛选吸附重金属性能良好的植物，建立沉积物-水-植物系统重金属迁移模型。此研究为湿地重金属污染治理、相关污染控制决策制定及生态恢复提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 重金属；生态风险；沉积物；水生植物；水

英文摘要： Wetland has become the important gathering center for environmental pollution due to environment transformation and human activities these years. As a result, wetland pollution, heavy metal pollution particularly, has become the core and hotspot of current wetland research. Taking the Zhalong Wetland as the research object, and using 3S technique and many statistic methods, this research systematically analyzes the spatial distribution, speciation, sources, controlling factors, and pollution features of heavy metals so as to evaluate its pollution level, to trace its pollution history and to reveal the causal mechanism between heavy metal pollution and human activities. In addition, this research analyzes plant accumulation features of heavy metals in the sediments, selects plants which are good at absorbing heavy metals, and builds the transferring model of heavy metals in the sediment-water-plant system. Consequently, this research can give insights and provide scientific evidences for wetland heavy metal pollution management.

英文关键词： Heavy Metals;Ecological Risk;Sediments;Aquatic Plants;Water