利用膨胀石墨原位插层碳化物制备高稳定助催化载体及其对铂电催化性能的增强机制

项目名称： 利用膨胀石墨原位插层碳化物制备高稳定助催化载体及其对铂电催化性能的增强机制

项目编号： No.21201058

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 无机化学

项目作者： 王瑞红

作者单位： 黑龙江大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 构筑高活性、高稳定、低成本电催化剂对推动燃料电池商业化进程具有重要意义。本项研究以提高Pt催化性能和利用效率为功能导向，拟设计合成铂/碳化物/石墨薄片三元晶态复合催化剂，利用碳化物助催化作用从本质上提高铂的催化性能。首先，以膨胀石墨为宿主材料，利用真空压力辅助法将含有钨、钼、钒元素的前躯体溶液和表面活性剂引入膨胀石墨层间。经水热或溶剂热反应实现金属氧化物在膨胀石墨层间的原位生长，利用粒子生长产生的作用力将石墨层剥离,制得金属氧化物/石墨薄片复合结构。进一步经CO 还原得到碳化物/石墨薄片复合载体，并采用液相策略使Pt粒子在该载体表面控制生长。利用TEM、XPS、XAFS等明晰催化剂结构、电子输运特性等特征；结合CV, EIS, 电化学AFM等电化学测试和理论模拟，研究CO,CH3OH等分子在催化剂表面吸附-反应-脱附过程的热、动力学问题，提出助催化载体对铂电催化性能的增强机制。

中文关键词： 碳化物；助催化剂；铂；协同效应；燃料电池

英文摘要： It is critical to develop a high efficient, stable and cost-effecitve catalyst for driving a practical fuel cells. The purpose of this project is to prepare high electrocatalytic active Pt/carbides/graphite sheets for enchancing the catalytic performance and utilization of Pt particles. In our work, expanded graphites (EG) are used as the host materials. By the vacuum-assisted technique, we infuse the initial solution containing W, Mo, V and surfactant into the interlayers of expanded graphites. Following, oxides nanoparticles (NPs) would uniformly grow in-situ in the interlayers with the help of the surfactant under the hydrothermal(solvothermal)conditions. Meanwhile,the growth of NPs plays the role for assisting the exfoliation of EG. This oxides/graphite sheets composites are reducted under the CO atmosphere to obtain the carbides/graphite sheets materials.Then Pt NPs are loaded on the carbides/graphites sheets by the "localized growth" strategies. TEM, XPS, XAFS are conducted to clear the structure, interaction and electrical transport characteristics of materials. The theoretical simulations and electrochemical analysis,such as CV, EIS, EC-AFM, will be combined to study the thermodynamic and dynamic of adsorption-reaction-desorption process of CO and CH3OH on the catalyst surface. Finally, we will deeply un

英文关键词： carbides；cocatalyst；platinum；synergic effect；fuel cell