平原河网区非点源污染过程的分布式模拟研究

项目名称： 平原河网区非点源污染过程的分布式模拟研究

项目编号： No.41271382

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 李硕

作者单位： 南京师范大学

项目金额： 75万元

中文摘要： 平原河网区非点源污染的扩散和传输过程是水体污染治理决策中重要科学问题之一。本项目以太湖湖西区为典型区，针对平原河网区地势平坦、湖泊水体众多、圩区、交叉河网相互嵌套水文结构特征，利用遥感和多源辅助数据，提取该区域的水文空间结构，研究基于数字河、湖网络系统的平原河网区栅格数据模型以及分布式空间离散建模的方法，解决现有方法中难以提取湖泊、水库、平行河道、非连续河道、集水区定义误差等问题。对SWAT模型进行改进，根据圩区的调度规则优化模拟圩区内外的水量交换，通过定义环状和交叉河网拓扑关系 进行河道水量动态调配。通过建模方法和模型的改进，对太湖流域湖西区的非点源污染过程进行分布式实证模拟，旨在探索适合国情和地域特点的平原河网区氮、磷迁移过程分布式模拟所涉及的相关理论和关键技术，理解平原河网区非点源污染过程机理，为水环境污染治理措施的进一步优化提供科学基础。

中文关键词： 平原河网区；空间离散；圩区；非点源污染；分布式流域建

英文摘要： The transportation and diffusion process of non-point source pullution in plain river network areas is one of major issues of water pollution management.In this project the western Taihu Lake Basin is selected as a typical study area,where has many artificially hydrological structures and consists of many lakes and polders, and intersected stream networks, etc. By using of remote sensing images and multi-source spatial thematic data, the spatial structure of the regional hydrology is extracted. The proposed study designs a raster-based data model and will develop a novel method for modeling the distributed spatial discretization of the plain river network area based on the digital river and lake network system to solve the existing problems while the cuurent methods are not suitable to extract the lakes, reservoirs, parallel channel, discontinuous rivers and the definition error of the catchment area. The SWAT model is improved to simulate the water exchange process in-and-out the polder areas according to the scheduled rules of the polder areas, and regulate the dynamic river water deployment by defining the ring and crossed-river network topology. Through the improvement of the modeling methods and models, the distributed simulation of the non-point source pollution processes in the western area of Taihu Basin

英文关键词： Plain river network region；Watershed delineation；Polder；Nonpoint source pollution；Distributed watershed modeling