项目名称: 基于复杂加工对象精度需求的高性能复杂制造装备主动精度设计方法
项目编号: No.50875182
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2009
项目学科: 金属学与金属工艺
项目作者: 张连洪
作者单位: 天津大学
项目金额: 31万元
中文摘要: 精度是制造装备,尤其是精密制造装备的基本性能。设计规范作为制造装备设计的依据与出发点,其核心要素是制造装备的精度规格。由于缺少模型化与解析化的科学方法,制造装备精度规格通常由开发者依据经验确定,导致所开发的制造装备精度不足,不能满足使用要求;或精度冗余过大,增加制造装备制造成本与难度。为此,本项目提出并建立了面向加工对象精度需求的制造装备主动精度设计方法。该方法通过模型化加工误差与制造装备精度的关系,主动设计制造装备的精度规格,以适应加工对象精度需求。主动精度设计包括:(1) 依据制造装备构型特征、运动关系与加工原理,建立工件(加工对象)表面的生成模型;(2) 依据工件表面生成模型,通过引入运动误差,建立工件表面加工误差模型;(3) 基于加工误差模型,并通过引入工序能力指数Cp,建立工件加工精度模型;(4) 基于加工精度模型与等作用原理,建立制造装备数控轴精度分配模型,将工件加工精度需求映射为制造装备的几何与运动精度规格。本项目建立的主动精度设计方法已用于6轴数控螺旋锥齿轮铣齿机与磨齿机等复杂制造装备运动精度规格设计,验证了方法的正确性,同时为铣齿机与磨齿机产品开发提供了有效的依据。
中文关键词: 主动精度设计;制造装备;设计方法;螺旋锥齿轮加工机床
英文摘要: Precision is the essential performance of precision machine tools. Machine tool design starts from determination of design specifications. Precision specification is the key element of the design specifications. Conventionally, the precision specification is generally developed based on experiences of machine tool manufacturers. This may results in a poor design with insufficient precision, or over precision unnecessarily increasing manufacturing cost and difficulty. To provide an appropriate estimation of the cost-effective precision specification in complex machine tools, a method named 'active precision design' is proposed to determine the cost-effective precision specification of machine tools in terms of the machining precision requirement of the workpieces. The methodology consists of six steps: (1) workpiece surface modeling in terms of the motion axes and layout of the machine tool, (2) workpiece machining error modeling based on the workpiece formation model by considering motion errors of the motion axes of the machine tool, (3) workpiece machining precision modeling based on the machining error model, and (4) machine tool precision allocating to determine the geometric and the motion precision specification of the machine tool via the machining precision requirement of the workpiece. The active precision design methodology developed in the project has been used to design the motion precision specification of 6-axes CNC spiral bevel gear milling machine and grinding machine. The methodology is validated to be correct and effective by applying to R&D of the milling machine and the grinding machine.
英文关键词: Active precision design; Machine tools; Design methodology; Spiral belvel gear machining equipment