基于偏微分方程的高速列车头型三维参数化建模与空气动力学优化

项目名称： 基于偏微分方程的高速列车头型三维参数化建模与空气动力学优化

项目编号： No.51475394

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 张建军

作者单位： 西南交通大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 高速列车头型设计和优化需要兼顾包括气动减租在内的多个目标，现有高速列车参数化几何模型设计变量偏多、模型表述复杂，设计变量与优化目标通常是强非线性关系，设计变量的增多使CFD计算量成几何级数增加。本项目提出基于偏微分方程建立高速列车的参数化几何模型用于高速列车头型空气动力学优化设计。通过建立高速列车头型参数化几何模型的偏微分数学模型表述方式，研究数学模型的解析解，探讨形状控制函数的生成方式等几方面内容，最终形成描述参数简洁、形状可控的高速列车头型快速参数化建模方法，为高速列车头型参数化建模提供新的方法和理论体系。利用建立的参数化几何模型对现有头型进行空气动力学特性优化，减少优化设计变量，提高优化效率，对比验证新方法在头型空气动力学优化设计中的优越性。通过开发基于偏微分方程的高速列车头型参数化建模软件，组合不同的参数生成新的列车头型，为高速列车头型开发和概念设计提供新的快速可控建模工具。

中文关键词： 高速列车；优化设计；空气动力学；偏微分方程建模

英文摘要： High-speed train head shape design is a multi-objective function problem and often involves a large number of parameters and conflicting functional requirements. Due to the issues such as complex model description and multiple design variables, achieving an optimal shape is inevitably a very challenging task. The proposed research will develop a partial differential equation (PDE)-based parametric representation model and apply it in the aerodynamic shape optimization design of the heads of high-speed trains. It requires establishing a parametric PDE-based head model, investigating its analytical solutions, and introducing shape control functions. Using our proposed new method, we can anticipate a number of advantages over the existing practice: efficient modeling of high-speed train heads, simple parametric descriptions and effective shape control. This strategy allows a multi-objective function problem to be solved in an easier manner compared with the current methods. Based on the new PDE-based geometric models, we will optimize the train head shape for optimal aerodynamic performance. Due to the inherent mathematical properties of the PDEs, we are able to reduce the number of optimization parameters, improve the space deformation ability, and demonstrate the efficiency of our proposed new method in aerodynamic shape optimization design of high-speed train heads. Following our theoretic developments, we will produce a modeling and design tool for the head shapes of high-speed trains, which will be useful both for concept design and detailed optimization. New head shapes can also be easily generated by combining and adjusting different parameters incorporated in the governing partial differential equations.

英文关键词： High-speed train;Opitimization;Aerodynamic;PDE Equations modeling