薄壳山核桃种质资源多样性及果实品质评价研究

项目名称： 薄壳山核桃种质资源多样性及果实品质评价研究

项目编号： No.31200502

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 林学

项目作者： 贾晓东

作者单位： 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 薄壳山核桃是世界上最重要、最有价值的干果树种之一，具有很高的经济价值，尤其是果实含油量高，营养价值可与橄榄油媲美，非常适合做为油用林木大面积栽培。然而由于引种及品种保存混乱，目前国内种质资源鱼目混杂，缺乏系统的种质资源评价，对育种及其他研究工作的开展极为不利，相关的系统的果实品质评价缺乏。本研究拟在已有研究基础上，通过生物学特性观察和分子标记研究我国薄壳山核桃种质资源的多样性，同时对果实品质进行全面的评价。从理论上，探明我国薄壳山核桃种质资源的物候期、座果率等重要生物学性状，阐明品种间遗传关系及其与该属其他种的亲缘关系，分析和评价不同品种的果实品质情况，为我国薄壳山核桃种质资源的开发利用提供实验依据；从实践上，通过系统评价和比较分析，筛选出一批适合国内栽培的薄壳山核桃种源和育种材料，选育出1～2个果实品质好且具有较强适应性的国产薄壳山核桃新品种。

中文关键词： 薄壳山核桃；种质资源；多样性；分子标记；果实品质

英文摘要： Pecan is one of the world's most important and valuable fruit tree with very high economy value, especially of high oil content in fruit, with good nutrition value similar with olive. It is very suitable for large scale cultivation as oil trees. However as a result of introduction and species conservation confusion, the present domestic pecan germplasm resources mixed a lot. This situation together with lack of systematic and suitable germplasm resources evaluation was very adverse to the breeding programs and other researches. This study plan to use biological characteristics observation and molecular marker study to classify the diversity of Chinese-grown pecan germplasm, and at the same time evaluate fruit quality on the basis of previous research. Theoretically, proved the phenological period, fruit and other important biological characters of Chinese-grown pecan germplasm, elucidate the genetic relationship between breeds and with other hickory, analysis and evaluation fruit quality between different varieties, to provide experimental basis for development and utilization of Chinese-grown pecan germplasm resources. In practice, through systematic evaluation and comparison analysis, selected a group of suitable pecan germplasm for domestic cultivation and breeding programs, and 1～2 new pecan varieties with g

英文关键词： Pecan；germplasm；diversity；molecular marker；fruit quality