金属-碳复合体中金属纳米颗粒的原位生成

项目名称： 金属-碳复合体中金属纳米颗粒的原位生成

项目编号： No.21201014

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 无机化学

项目作者： 严铮洸

作者单位： 北京工业大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 碳基材料在纳米科学领域占有重要的地位，金属和碳的复合材料在催化传感等领域应用广泛。在金属-非晶碳复合体中的金属纳米颗粒的析出生成过程尚不清楚，其中金属和碳的相互作用，以及外加条件的作用尚需探讨。本项目拟以实验结合理论，利用水热方法等水溶液方法得到微米纳米级金属-碳复合物前驱体，研究其中金属纳米颗粒在热处理和电子束、光、离子束等辐照条件下的原位形成过程，其晶体生长特性及金属纳米颗粒的尺寸、长径比、取向等形貌特征，材料的力学、电学和电化学性能；结合第一性原理密度泛函方法的计算模型，阐明金属的扩散和纳米颗粒的成核生长机理。所得金属和碳的复合物功能材料在电催化反应如非酶生物传感器等方面有应用前景。本项目拟以铜、银及贵金属纳米颗粒的形成为主要研究对象，同时也考察较活泼金属在类似条件下产生的化学现象。金属材料也对碳材料的形态变化具有影响，本项目也拟对金属-碳复合体中碳材料在加热和辐照条件下的变化研究。

中文关键词： 碳材料；纳米复合体；电子束辐照；热处理；电化学

英文摘要： The carbon based materials play an important role in nanoscienes and nanotechnology, however, the metal particles formation in amorphous carbon-metal hybrids is not clarified yet. The interaction of metal, carbon and applied heating or irradiation is to be discussed. This proposal takes a model system of metal-carbon composites obtained through aqueous solution based synthesis to investigate the in situ formation of metal nanoparticles in heat treatment, electron beam irradiation, ion beam irradiation, and so on. The metal nanoparticles' crystal growth features, such as the sizes, aspect ratios, as well as anisotropic growth would be observed and analyzed with suitable computational models in order to elucidate the mechanism herein. Thus obtained metal/carbon composite is promising carbon based functional materials, especilly in area of electrochemical sensors like nonenzymic biosensors. This proposal would take copper, silver and other noble metals for experiments, while more reactive metals should be considered for comparison. Since it is well known that the metal would be active affecting carbon material growth, the structure changes in carbon in heating and irradiation would also be considered.

英文关键词： Carbon materials；Nanocomposites；Electron beam irradiation；Heat treatment；Electrochemistry