中国蓝莓枝枯病的病原种类及分子检测研究

项目名称： 中国蓝莓枝枯病的病原种类及分子检测研究

项目编号： No.31301610

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 徐成楠

作者单位： 中国农业科学院果树研究所

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 蓝莓（Vaccinium）是近几年来世界发展最为迅速的集营养与保健于一身的果树品种。由葡萄座腔菌科（Botryosphaeriaceae）真菌引起的蓝莓枝枯病是世界蓝莓生产上的最重要病害之一。随着我国蓝莓产业的发展，枝枯病已成为生产上流行性和破坏性最强的病害，严重影响植株长势，以及果实的品质和产量。在我国此病害症状与病原种类在不同地区存在较大差异，病原多样性以及病菌的潜伏侵染加大病害防控难度。本项目以蓝莓枝干致病葡萄座腔菌为研究对象，采用形态学观察、致病力测定、基于多基因的系统发育研究方法和特异性分子检测，研究明确我国蓝莓葡萄座腔菌枝枯病的病原种类，实现优势病原种群以及病害的早期快速分子检测。本项目的研究成果对于科学认识蓝莓枝枯病的发生及其防控具有重要的理论研究和实际应用意义，同时为我国科学布局蓝莓品种及安全生产提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 蓝莓；枝枯病；葡萄座腔菌；形态学；系统发育分析

英文摘要： Blueberry（Vaccinium）as a nutritional and healthy berry cultivar is rapidly developing over the world recent years. Blueberry stem blight caused by Botryosphaeriaceae is the most important disease all around the world. It also has been the most epidemic and destructive disease with the improvement of blueberry industry in China, which affecting quality and production of blueberry. Symptoms and pathogens show diversity through different regions in China, and it is difficult to control this disease because of the pathogen living as endophytes within woody plants. According to the pathogen causing serious disease of blueberry stem blight in China, based on the morphological, pathogenicity tests and multi-allelic DNA sequence datasets of the pathogen, species-specific PCR-primers assay detection, the causal agent of blueberry stem blight will be studied, and the systematics among species on blueberry and other woody plants will be revealed. This study provides a academic and practical basis for the disease epidemic and disease control, furthermore it also provides theoretics of cultivation for this berry cultivar in China.

英文关键词： blueberry；stem blight；Botryosphaeriaceae；morphology；phylogeny