Pt-M/C纳米复合材料的可控合成及无酶型生物电化学传感器构建

项目名称： Pt-M/C纳米复合材料的可控合成及无酶型生物电化学传感器构建

项目编号： No.21205030

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 分析化学

项目作者： 吴慧敏

作者单位： 湖北大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 葡萄糖是主要的生命过程特征化合物,它的分析与检测对人类的健康以及疾病的诊断、治疗和控制有着重要意义，因此葡萄糖传感器的研究一直为化学与生物传感器研究的热点。本项目拟合成Pt-M(包括二元合金和核壳型结构Ptshell-Mcore，M=Sn、Ni、Co、Pd等)纳米粒子，并把这些纳米粒子均匀负载于纳米碳材料上（碳纳米管、石墨烯、多孔碳），然后采用吸附、键合等方法将其固载到电极表面，制备Pt-M/C修饰电极。在此基础上系统的研究催化剂结构（包括金属种类、形成方式、金属含量、催化剂的形态及大小和载体的类型）对催化性能（催化能力、抗毒化、抗干扰等）影响的关系，并探索其催化机理。利用Pt-M纳米粒子的催化活性及与基体碳纳米材料的协同作用，构建无酶生物电化学传感器（测定葡萄糖、过氧化氢、谷氨酸等），这些研究对疾病的诊断以及预防，以及无酶传感器的发展具有十分重要的意义。

中文关键词： 无酶传感器；纳米材料；合金；核壳结构；电催化

英文摘要： Glucose is one of the clinically important biomarkers, as it plays an important role in maintaining normal physiological activities of living systems. Analysis and detection of glucose is of great important to human health, in terms of diagnosis, treatment, and control of disease. Therefore, research on glucose sensors is highly topical in the field of chemical and biological sensors. In this project, we will synthesis Pt-M nanoparticles (including binary alloy and Ptshell-Mcore structure materials, where M = Sn、Ni、Co、Pd, etc.), and disperse the nanoparticles uniformly on a nano-carbon (carbon nanotubes, graphene, and porous carbon) matrix. Then, we will prepare Pt-M/C modified electrode using the methods of adsorption or bonding. Finally, using this electrode, a non-enzymatic electrochemical biosensor will be built, which is based on the interaction between the Pt-M nanoparticles and the nano-carbon matrix, to detect glucose, hydrogen peroxide, and glutamate. The need to make use of the affinity of enzymes to traditional electrochemical sensors can be avoided in this non-enzymatic electrochemical biosensor, because time, temperature, and the pH value can change the activity of the enzymes in the traditional sensor. The stability and sensitivity can also be significantly increased in the non-enzymatic electroch

英文关键词： non-enzymatic sensor；nano-material；alloy；core-shell；electrocatalysis