基于虚拟成阵技术的DIFAR浮标网络测向方法研究

项目名称： 基于虚拟成阵技术的DIFAR浮标网络测向方法研究

项目编号： No.51209173

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 水利科学与海洋工程学科

项目作者： 陶林伟

作者单位： 西北工业大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 单个被动定向浮标（简称DIFAR）的基阵受物理尺寸限制，等效声学孔径小，在低信噪比情况下，测向精度很差，导致DIFAR浮标网络测向精度随之降低。由于受海洋洋流等因素干扰，DIFAR网络位置是一个时变的随机量，同时各个浮标之间的距离远大于目标辐射信号的半波长，所以不能使用现有的阵列信号处理方法。本申请书试图利用虚拟成阵的理论，将DIFAR浮标网络中接收的信号映射到一个理想的虚拟阵列，利用阵列信号处理技术，并增加浮标网络接收信号的幅度差异信息，来提高低信噪比下的目标测向精度。使用虚拟阵技术，与单个浮标相比，通过增加阵的声学孔径，提高测向精度；通过增加幅度差异信息，降低噪声影响。难点和关键问题包括：最佳虚拟阵形的选择、幅度差异信息如何更好的参与测向过程、算法在不同信噪比下的稳健性、DIFAR网络位置漂移及测量误差对算法的影响等。该项目的成功实施，对不规则阵、随机阵等测向精度的改善产生积极影响。

中文关键词： DIFAR浮标；虚拟成阵；测向；目标跟踪；

英文摘要： Limited by the physical size of array, the acoustics aperture of single DIFAR is small. On condition of low signal to noise ratio, the finding accuracy is pool, which makes the accuracy of buoy networks low. Under the influence of ocean current, the location of the DIFAR network is a time-varying random variable, and the distance among each buoys is much larger than the half-wavelength of target radiation signal， whuch makes the existing array signal processing methods not feasible. This application tries to use the theory of virtual array，mapping the signals which are received by the DIFAR buoy network to an ideal virtual array. By the array signal processing technology, and the increasing of magnitude differences information of buoys network signals, the target finding accuracy is improved under high signal to noise ratio. Using the virtual array technology, the finding accuracy is improved (compared to single buoy) by the increase of acoustic aperture, and the influence of Noise is Weaken by the increase of magnitude differences. The difficulties and key point includes: the choice of Optimal virtual array, how to use magnitude differences information in finding process, robustness of the algorithm under different signal to noise ratio, the influence of location of the DIFAR network and finding error to algori

英文关键词： DIFAR sonobouy；virtual array；direction finding；target track；