超导驱动、信息制导的新型机床构造原理与实现技术研究

项目名称： 超导驱动、信息制导的新型机床构造原理与实现技术研究

项目编号： No.51275257

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 周凯

作者单位： 清华大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 机床是制造各类先进装备的工作母机，提高其性能对提高制造工业的能力和水平具有决定性的重要意义。但现有机床基于机械基准工作，通过被动方式进行运动导向，各种内外不利因素不可避免地影响机床的加工精度和工作效率，严重制约机床综合性能的提高。为解决此问题，本项目提出并研究基于超导驱动、信息制导的新型机床构造原理和实现技术，重要创新点是：通过超导悬浮驱动，隔离制造装配误差、非线性因素、受力变形、受热变形、摩擦磨损等多种内外不利因素对机床工作精度的影响，并基于激光导轨原理建立独立的高精度工作基准，在此基础上通过信息制导控制，使机床运动部件沿激光基准运动，从而实现与机械系统无关的高精度运动，由此创造新一代信息化超导机床技术，为机床技术实现跨越发展开辟新的技术途径。项目研究成果对建立现代机床的新科学技术基础，对提高我国高端和极端制造装备的研发制造能力和水平具有重要意义。

中文关键词： 超导承载；磁力驱动；信息基准；制导控制；高速高精度

英文摘要： Machine tool is the host machine of manufacturing all kinds of advanced equipment. The improvement in the performance of machine tool has a decisive role in improving the capacity and level of manufacture industry. However, the existing machine tools work based on mechanical benchmarks and conduct motion guidance through a passive way. Various internal and external adverse factors inevitably affect the accuracy and efficiency of the machine tools. Therefore the improvement in the performance of machine tools is seriously hampered. To solve this problem, this project proposes and studies the structure principle and implementation technology of new type machine tool based on superconductivity drive and information guidance. The important innovations are: By applying superconductivity suspension and drive, the new technology isolates the internal and external adverse factors that could affect the accuracy of the machine tools, such as error of machining and assembly, non-linear factors, stress deformation, thermal deformation and abrasion. Moreover, the new technology builds up independent high-precision working benchmark based on the principle of laser guide, and makes the moving parts of machine tools move along the laser benchmark by information guidance. The new technology will conduct high-precision movement t

英文关键词： superconducting bearing；magnetic drive；information benchmark；guidance control；high speed and high precision