项目名称: 全基因组水平关联分析深度发掘水稻广谱、持久抗稻瘟病基因
项目编号: No.31201476
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 植物保护学、园艺学与植物营养学
项目作者: 康厚祥
作者单位: 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所
项目金额: 23万元
中文摘要: 稻瘟病危害严重,造成水稻年减产10%-30%。水稻种质中抗稻瘟病资源丰富,如何快速发掘和利用种质资源中的抗稻瘟病基因是亟待解决的问题。目前,利用全基因组关联分析(GWAS)技术发掘水稻广谱抗稻瘟病基因报道极少,本项目拟以82个国家的413份水稻资源为材料(均已获得高密度SNP单倍型图),用国际国内共15份稻瘟菌小种(中国10份,国外5份)对其进行抗病鉴定,通过关联分析技术深度发掘抗稻瘟病候选基因,并利用病毒载体介导的基因沉默(VIGS)系统对获得的候选抗稻瘟病基因进行功能验证,鉴定一批具有抗稻瘟病功能的新基因。同时,综合15个小种的GWAS结果,开发出与广谱抗稻瘟病性状相关联的分子标记系统,并用其快速鉴定国家种质资源库中的400份核心水稻资源,为稻瘟病基因资源动态布局提供理论支撑。本研究对深度发掘自然群体中的抗稻瘟病新基因及建立抗性资源在不同地区的合理布局体系都具有重要的理论和实践意义。
中文关键词: 水稻;稻瘟病;全基因组关联分析;抗稻瘟病位点;抗稻瘟病基因
英文摘要: Rice blast disease causes 10-30% of annual yield losses in rice production worldwide. Due to the frequent loss of resistance genes, it is urgent to find broad-spectrum and durable resistant genes among the rice germplasm.Although Genome-wide association study (GWAS) has been used in mapping genes of agronomic traits in rice, use of the new technology for blast disease resistance has not been reported. Here we propose to identify new rice blast resistance genes by GWAS using the 413 SNP-genotyped rice cultivars collected from 82 countries and 15 blast isolates collected from six contries. The Virus induced gene silence (VIGS) system will be employed to confirm the blast resistant gene candidates. After establishing a SNP-based molecular detection system for new blast resistance genes, we will screen 400 core germplasms selected from the China national rice germplasm bank to characterize their resistance spectrum. This study not only lead to identification of novel resistance genes but also provide new strategies for the use of rice blast resistant cultivars in China.
英文关键词: Rice;Rice Blast;Genome-Wide-Association-Study;Rice Blast Resistant Locus;Blast Resistant Gene