基于局地气候区的山地城市热岛效应研究

项目名称： 基于局地气候区的山地城市热岛效应研究

项目编号： No.51308268

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 建筑科学

项目作者： 王志浩

作者单位： 昆明理工大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 大多数热岛效应研究中热岛强度的计算方法是使用城乡二分法，然而，城乡二分法在选择城乡观测站点过程中无统一的标准可依且存在随意性。鉴于此，本项目尝试构建山地城市热岛观测站点分类系统。首先，基于具有代表性的山地城市地表景观分类建立局地气候区，设计一套包含若干个局地气候区、定性说明与定量参数化相结合、用于指导城市热岛观测站点分类的标准化局地气候区特征表，搭建不同城市间热岛效应实测研究共通的可比性基础。然后，利用局地气候区特征表选择观测站点进行山地城市热岛实测，比较不同局地气候区之间的空气温度差异，探讨使用局地气候区之间的温度差作为计算热岛强度的新方法。最后，利用GIS平台开发山地城市热岛效应测试评价信息管理系统，将局地气候区信息与热岛测试数据集成起来。本项目的研究适应于国际社会在城市气候研究领域的新趋势，有助于丰富热岛效应研究理论和完善热岛效应测评体系。

中文关键词： 局地气候区；城市热岛效应；建筑热环境；地表景观；地理信息系统

英文摘要： Most of the urban heat island (UHI) studies were using urban-rural dichotomy to calculate heat island intensities. However, the urban-rural dichotomy as a basis for classifying field sites in heat island investigations has no uniform standards to rely on and there is always a degree of arbitrariness. Therefore, the project aims at attempting to construct a classification system for field sites in UHI investigations of mountainous cities. First of all, proposing local climate zones (LCZ) based on classifications of representative surface landscapes of mountainous cities, designing a set of standardized datasheets for local climate zones which consists of several LCZs and with qualitative description and quantitative parameters and can be used for classifying field sites in heat island investigations. The standardized LCZ datasheets can be used as a comparable basis for UHI investigations in different cities. Then, UHI measurements can be carried out under the guidance of standardized LCZ datasheets so that the new approach of calculating UHI intensities by comparing air temperature differences of inter LCZs can be investigated. Finally, developing an information management system for UHI measurement and evaluation of mountainous cities based on geographical information system (GIS) used for integrating LCZs and U

英文关键词： local climate zone；urban heat island effect；built thermal environment；surface landscapes；geographical information system