大气颗粒物中微生物组分相关的毒理和健康效应研究

项目名称： 大气颗粒物中微生物组分相关的毒理和健康效应研究

项目编号： No.91543102

项目类型： 重大研究计划

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 朱听

作者单位： 清华大学

项目金额： 78万元

中文摘要： 大气颗粒物的污染日益严重，已经成为影响人群健康和社会经济的重大问题。大气颗粒物中的微生物具备潜在的致病性和毒性，但其具体的基因特征和对人体的健康效应还没有深入的研究。本课题组业已在对大气颗粒物中微生物种群的宏基因组学研究方面取得了重要成果，积累了成功经验 (ES&T 2014; Nature Proc 2015)。我们将基于现有基础，利用多学科研究方法，研究大气颗粒物中微生物生态系统的毒理学和其对人类细胞的健康效应。主要研究内容包括下面两个方面：1. 对大气颗粒物中的微生物的功能基因组进行研究，并通过宏基因组学手段研究其毒性基因及次级代谢产物的规律和概况；2. 通过对人类细胞的体外暴露实验，和分子生物学的手段，研究细胞对毒性物质和致病菌的免疫应激反应机制和通路。通过上述研究，我们将能够很好地揭示大气颗粒物微生物的毒理和健康效应的相关信息，从而为后续的医疗诊断和治疗以及流行病学提供重要参考。

中文关键词： 大气颗粒物；宏基因组学；毒理；健康效应；微生物

英文摘要： Particulate matter pollution has been increasingly severe. It has become an important issue for public health and social economy. Microorganisms in airborne particles have potential for infectivity and toxicity, yet genetic characteristics and human response to those toxicity and infectivity have not been well studied. Our research group have gained experience through an initial metagenomic study into microorganism populations in particulate matter (ES&T 2014; Nature Proc 2015). Based on these studies, we aim to use the latest molecular biology and cell biology methods to investigate the toxicology of microorganism ecosystem and health effect towards human cells. Main research approaches to be used include: 1. Study the functional genes of those microorganisms, and using metagenomic methods to investigate the mechanisms of toxicology genes and secondary metabolic products. 2. Investigate the stress reaction and signaling pathways towards toxics and infective microbe by using both exposure experiments on human cells in vitro and molecular methods. Through this study, we aim to elucidate the mechanisms of airborne microbial toxicology and health effect, and provide important information for downstream diagnosis and treatment.

英文关键词： Particulate matter;Metagenomics;Toxicology;Health effect;Microorganisms