猪肠道色氨酸利用菌调节小肠代谢色氨酸的规律及机制研究

项目名称： 猪肠道色氨酸利用菌调节小肠代谢色氨酸的规律及机制研究

项目编号： No.31301979

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 戴兆来

作者单位： 中国农业大学

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 日粮氨基酸利用率不高一直是猪生产中存在的问题，这不仅造成饲料的浪费更对环境产生负面影响。小肠是吸收日粮氨基酸的主要部位，在转运吸收日粮氨基酸的同时对氨基酸有代谢作用。在吸收过程中，日粮色氨酸有相当部分被小肠利用，经小肠代谢产生的5-羟色胺等代谢物，影响机体对养分的吸收与代谢。同时，肠道中存在大量的氨基酸代谢细菌（包括色氨酸利用菌），其组成及氨基酸利用代谢模式可能与肠道对氨基酸（特别是色氨酸）的转运及代谢偶联。因此，有必要研究其中的具体作用模式及可能机制。本研究以猪为研究对象，以肠道色氨酸的利用及代谢为切入点，研究小肠色氨酸利用菌对小肠利用代谢色氨酸及产生重要代谢物（如5-羟色胺等）的影响及可能作用机制。从而为提高日粮氨基酸的利用效率及功能的发挥，促进猪的生长和健康，实现可持续猪生产，提供新思路，开辟新途径。

中文关键词： 色氨酸；代谢；色氨酸利用菌；小肠；猪

英文摘要： Dietary amino acids (AA) are important for the growth and health of animals. However, the utilization efficiency of dietary AA is low which makes big loss for the pig industry. The small intestine is the most important site for the absorption and metabolism of dietary AA. During the small intestinal absorption, tryptophan as one of the most important indispensable AA for pigs is metabolized in the small-intestinal mucosal cell and produces many important metabolites such as serotonin, which regulates nutrients absorption and metabolism in the body. Meanwhile, recent finding revealed that the pig small intestine harbors several species of amino acid-metabolizing bacteria including the tryptophan-metabolizing bacteria which community composition can be altered by the process of small-intestinal transport and metabolism of tryptophan. Therefore, it is of utmost important to unravel the detail mode of action and underlying mechanism during the host-microbe co-metabolism of tryptophan and the impact on the tryptophan utilization and luminal ecology in the small intestine. This study plans to use pig as animal model and investigates the metabolism of tryptophan in the small intestine. We will investigate the effects of the small-intestinal tryptophan-metabolizing bacteria on the small-intestinal utilization and metabo

英文关键词： Tryptophan；Metabolism；Tryptophan-utilizing bacteria；Small intestine；Pig