基于多源数据的草原可燃物特征提取及易燃性评价研究

项目名称： 基于多源数据的草原可燃物特征提取及易燃性评价研究

项目编号： No.41201549

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 地理学

项目作者： 佟志军

作者单位： 东北师范大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 本项目以吉林省西部草原为研究区，以东北师范大学长岭草原实验站为依托，针对草原火灾风险评价的薄弱环节，从草原火灾风险形成机理角度出发，研究不同条件和环境下可燃物理化性质影响草原火的发生发展的机理，从草原可燃物的理化性质的多种指标的室内实验着手，利用多源遥感数据建立可燃物特征反演模型，实现草原可燃物关键特征参数的快速提取。在此基础上筛选指标，构建草原可燃物易燃性评价模型，并对研究区的可燃物易燃性等级区划，实现从单种类到一个群落、一个群落到某个草地类型，从草地类型到整个研究区的可燃物易燃性评价。草原可燃物易燃性评价是草原火灾风险评价的前提和基础，通过本项目的研究，可使草原火灾风 险评价的结果更科学、可靠、更具有可操作性，对于大范围的草原火灾风险监测具有重要意义，同时对草原火灾的扑救工作具有指导意义。

中文关键词： 草原火灾；遥感反演；信息融合；预警管理；3S技术

英文摘要： Supported by Changling grassland experimental station of northeast normal university, study sites were selected in grassland region in the western Jilin Province. Aim at the weaknesses of grassland fire disaster risk assessment, how fuel physicochemical properties under different conditions affect on grassland fire occurring and development was studied by grassland fire disaster risk formation mechanism. Started with indoor experiments on different indexes of grassland fuel physicochemical properties, fuel characteristic retrieval models were established based on multi-source remote sensing data and rapid extraction of the key features parameters of grassland fuel was realized. And thus, by screening indexes on that basis, the grassland fuel flammability assessment models were established, and region grading division of fuel flammability were done to achieve fuel flammability assessment from single species composition to community, from community to a type of grassland and also from a type of grassland to total study area. Because of grassland fuel flammability assessment taken as the precondition of grassland fire disaster risk assessment, this study can make the results of risk assessment more scientific, reliable and maneuverable. It is significant to grassland fire disaster monitoring under large scale and i

英文关键词： grassland fire disaster；RS reflect；information fusion；emergency management；3S technology