项目名称: 快速高灵敏检测水样中污染离子的传感器分子的合成及性能
项目编号: No.21467012
项目类型: 地区科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2015
项目学科: 化学工业
项目作者: 胡京汉
作者单位: 兰州交通大学
项目金额: 53万元
中文摘要: 重金属离子和有毒阴离子的识别与检测是环境化学的重要研究内容。如何提高检测灵敏度、简化检测方法、降低检测成本是该研究领域的热点和难点。为此,本项目把离子比色、荧光传感器的概念应用到水样中污染离子的检测中,设计合成多个系列的水溶性比色、荧光传感器分子,研究其对特定重金属离子和阴离子的选择性识别性能,制备基于这些传感器分子的离子检测试纸,实现对水样中特定离子的快速高灵敏低成本检测及无仪器检测。然而,已报道的大多数传感器分子水溶性差,而且水的溶剂化作用严重阻碍了在水环境中对离子的选择性和高灵敏检测。为此,本项目对传感器分子进行了针对性的设计:在传感器分子中引入亲水增溶基团使其具有一定的水溶性;选用灵敏性高的结合位点和信号基团,使其能高灵敏度选择性比色、荧光识别特定离子。另外,本项目还将系统研究传感器分子的离子识别机理和构效关系,以改善其检测效果。因此本项目具有较好的应用前景和一定的学术意义。
中文关键词: 化学传感器;选择性识别;水环境;阴离子识别;金属离子识别
英文摘要: Efficient and instant detection of specific ions in complicated water entironment is an important aim for environmental science and analytial chemistry. However, most of receptors are practically insoluble in water, on the other hand, the solvation of water and the competition of miscellaneous ions shown serious impediment to the recognition in complicated aqueous solution. In order to solve these difficult problems, we introduced the water soluble groups into the receptor moleculars, design and synthesize series of artificial receptors which contain water soluble group and selective binding sites simultaneously. These receptors possess preferable solubility and selective binding sites, which could selectively recognize specific ions in complicated aqueous solution. These receptors show a fine prospect of application in the analysis and detection of specific anion ions or cations. Moreover, in this project, we will carefully investigate the influence of the water soluble groups on the soubilities of receptor, the influence of the binding sites on the selectivities and the influence of signal groups on the colorimetric recognition abilities. Therefor, this project possesses theoretical value.
英文关键词: chemosensor;selective recognition;water entirment;anion recognition;cation recognition