新疆'纸皮'扁桃幼果生理脱落与蔗糖代谢关系的生理与分子机制研究

项目名称： 新疆'纸皮'扁桃幼果生理脱落与蔗糖代谢关系的生理与分子机制研究

项目编号： No.31460497

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 杨波

作者单位： 新疆农业科学院

项目金额： 48万元

中文摘要： 新疆是我国扁桃(Amygdalus Communis L.)的主产区，而幼果生理脱落问题严重影响了扁桃的坐果率和产量。本课题以新疆主栽扁桃品种'纸皮'为试材，以蔗糖代谢为中心，在明确休眠期结果枝内蔗糖积累水平与幼果生理脱落关系的基础上，分析扁桃正常发育幼果与即将脱落幼果之间蔗糖代谢的差异，筛选影响扁桃落果的关键酶，克隆关键酶相关基因并研究其在正常发育幼果和即将脱落幼果中的时空表达模式，确定关键酶基因在扁桃幼果生理脱落过程中的调控作用。本研究旨在进一步揭示扁桃幼果生理脱落的机理，并为改进扁桃栽培管理措施、提高产量提供理论依据。

中文关键词： '纸皮'扁桃；生理落果；蔗糖代谢；基因克隆；基因表达

英文摘要： Almond (Amygdalus Communis L.)is mainly produced in Xinjiang area, its fruit set and production have been seriously affected by the physiological fruit drop at the early stage of fruit development . In this paper we used 'zhipi'almond as plant material study the relationship between the sucrose accumulation during the dormancy stage in bearing branch and physiological fruit drop at the early stage of fruit development analyzing the differences of sucrose metabolism between normal developed young fruit young and the fruit which is about to drop in order to make clear the role of sucrose in this process. In addition, we try to find the key enzymes which contributed to the young fruit abscission, then further clarify the structure and function of them by cloning the relative genes of these key enzymes during the process of affecting normal young fruit development and the fruit which is about to drop. This study aimed at revealing the mechanism of physiological drop of young almond fruit and providing the theory basis for improving cultivation measures and increasing production.

英文关键词： 'zhipi' almond;physiological fruit drop;sucrose metabolism;gene cloning;gene expression