震源动力学模型关键技术的研究

项目名称： 震源动力学模型关键技术的研究

项目编号： No.41274068

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 章文波

作者单位： 中国科学院大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 强震动地震学最重要的研究目的之一就是正确地理解地震发生过程中的物理本质，进而科学地预测未来大地震所产生的强地面运动，以有效地减轻地震灾害。地震的发生是大地构造应力场长期积累作用的结果，震源动力学模型是以断层附近应力场为其基本参数，是从物理本质上来探究地震的孕育、发生和停止的过程，因而，震源动力学模型的研究对认知地震断层破裂的物理过程有着重要的意义。 本项目研究拟针对震源动力学模型的一些关键性问题进行系统地研究，将从地震实例出发，研究在地震发生时，断层破裂过程中所遵循的摩擦准则，探究震源动力学参数的定标律（scaling law），同时，尝试将非线性优化算法应用于反演震源动力学模型的研究，提出反演震源动力破裂过程的方法。预期研究成果将为基于震源动力学模型评估未来大地震所产生的强地面运动奠定基础。

中文关键词： 震源动力学模型；摩擦准则；临界滑动弱化位移；格林函数；地震场地效应

英文摘要： One of the most important goals of strong-motion seismology is to improve the scientific understanding of the physical processes of earthquakes, then to estimate the strong-ground motions expected from future earthquakes and to develop a reliable approach to mitigate the seismic hazards. In fact, an earthquake is a dynamically propagating shear crack that radiates seismic waves and the stress variation on the fault plane is an indication of the dynamic behavior of earthquake rupture. So, to understand the physical processes actually occurring in the source region, one must study stress-dependent material properties as the way in which material failure nucleates and spreads, rapidly relieving stresses that had slowly risen (due to long-term tectonic processes) to exceed the strength of material in the source region. This is a dynamic problem. For a dynamic source model, the stress on the fault plane is the fundamental parameter. It addresses the physics of the earthquake rupture process. Earthquake source dynamics provide key elements for the prediction of strong ground motion and for understand the physics of earthquake initiation, propagation, and healing. Thus, dynamic simulations on earthquake rupture process are the best way to investigate the physics of earthquakes. This proposal will address the key probl

英文关键词： dynamic source model；constitutive friction law；critical slip-weakening distance；Green's function；site-effect