基于地震波形特性的震源类型识别研究

项目名称： 基于地震波形特性的震源类型识别研究

项目编号： No.41264001

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 黄汉明

作者单位： 广西师范大学

项目金额： 49万元

中文摘要： 地震波是人类认识地球内部结构的可靠载体, 同时携带着震源、波传播路径等地球内部信息。震源类型，主要指产生地震的原因:天然事件或人工爆炸事件。地震爆炸识别有两种途径：地球物理途径和信号处理及模式识别途径。对于小当量事件的识别，依赖于地球物理特征差异性的判据推广性能不佳，而信号处理及统计模式识别途径是当前最活跃的研究方向。本项目拟在已开展研究中取得的初步结果基础上，进一步研究地震波形特征提取方法，着重研究地震波形时频分析特征提取方法及破坏性大地震最初几秒波形的特性；改进现有的模式识别算法，使之适合于小样本、多特征、非一致且样本结构分布复杂的地震波形特征样本集；探讨各不同特征的可靠性和适用条件；研究波形时间窗大小对震源类型识别率的影响；研究不同震源类型，尤其是破坏性强震的P波群、S波群与面波群之间的定量关系。震源类型识别研究，有助于破坏性构造地震的监测预警，有助于小当量核试侦察。

中文关键词： 地震波形；波形特征；经验模态分解；震源类型；模式识别

英文摘要： Seismic wave is the unique and reliable mean for investigating the interior of the Earth, carrying with it plentiful and intricate information of Earth interior about source type and wave propagation path.Source types mainly mean the origins of seismic events: natural event or explosion event. There are two approaches for earthequake/explosion recognition: geophysical approach and signal processing then pattern recognition approach. For small magnitude event recognition, criteria based upon the differences of geophysical measures have irrational performance for generalization. However,signal processing then pattern recognition methods are more promising, and nowdays are the most active research topics. Basing upon the preparatory results of our current researches, the project of this proposal prepares further expanding and refining algorithms for seismic wave feature extraction, focusing on: exploring appropriate time-frequency techniques for feature extraction and intensively investigating the characteristics of primary several seconds of measured seismic wave signal; improving pattern recognition algorithms which suitable to small sample-size, multiple and non-consistent features and complex distribution structure sample set of acquied features; asserting and confirming the reliability and applied conditions o

英文关键词： Seismic Wave；Wave Feature；Empirical Mode Decomposition；Seismic Source Type；Pattern Recognition