中国汉族人群个体身高特征的遗传学研究

项目名称： 中国汉族人群个体身高特征的遗传学研究

项目编号： No.81471828

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 医药、卫生

项目作者： 叶健

作者单位： 公安部物证鉴定中心

项目金额： 70万元

中文摘要： 伴随国际化进程的加快和犯罪智能化水平的提高，案件侦破难度不断加大。以短串联重复序列（STRs）扩增检验为主的技术方法难以满足公安实战需求。其作用更多局限在比对和提供证据方面。对于既无目标嫌疑人，又无其它线索的案件，案件侦查往往陷入被动。如果能够充分利用现场检材蕴含的遗传信息刻画嫌疑人的外貌等特征，即可主动查找嫌疑人。与STRs相比，单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）广泛分布在基因组中的编码区和非编码区，其在人的外形体貌等表型推断刻画方面具有独特的作用。本项目拟通过全基因组关联分析等技术，探索相关遗传基因与健康成人身高的关系，确定与中国汉族人群身高相关SNPs基因位点，计算基因型频率，评价相关性，建立复合检验体系，研制从基因水平推断身高的计算公式和预测模型，为基于DNA的人物体貌特征刻画奠定基础，使法医遗传学更好的为公安实战服务。

中文关键词： 法医遗传学；基因；遗传多态性；身高；推断

英文摘要： Along with the accelerating of internationalization and raising level of intelligent crime，it becomes more and more difficult to solve a crime case. Multiplex short tandem repeats (STRs) detection technique is not enough for the forensic DNA to support the public security work, because of its role of comparison. In the circumstance of no match DNA profile or other lead, a crime case will often become a cold case. If we can predict the externally visible characteristics (EVCs) of unknown persons with DNA left at the crime scene, the crime investigation will get more leads, which makes it easier to find a suspect. Compared with STRs, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can recover more information of EVCs because SNPs widely distributed on the coding and non-coding region of DNA. In this project, we aim to explore the genetic basis of adult height of Han Chinese using genome-wide association studies. The research goal is to identify a panel of gene and SNPs that closely related adult height. And to analyze the correlation of height related SNPs with gender and territory within China. A multiplex SNPs detection system will be optimized and a computational model will be constructed. We use the system to predict adult height by detecting SNPs genotypes of unknown person. This project can form a research platform for molecular photofitting predicting phenotype and morphology using DNA. This project can form more scientific weapons to support public security work and crime investigation.

英文关键词： forensic genetics;gene;genetic polymorphism;height;inference