生物强化化学混凝去除高原湖泊水体中砷的协同作用机制研究

项目名称： 生物强化化学混凝去除高原湖泊水体中砷的协同作用机制研究

项目编号： No.51468065

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 其他

项目作者： 张艮林

作者单位： 云南大学

项目金额： 48万元

中文摘要： 水体砷污染是一个世界性的环境问题，云南部分地区砷污染问题尤其严重。尽管前期针对部分含砷水体采用化学絮凝沉积法进行过应急处理，但对于水体中不同形态砷的去除成效仍有很大提升空间，特别是实际高原湖泊水体中特定微生物在化学沉积过程中针对As(III)和As(V)的协同去除作用机制和匹配规律均有待深入探究。本项目拟以高砷污染土壤、尾矿或矿渣为砷抗性菌株提取基质，通过筛选培育获得砷抗性菌株，并制备出高效砷富集特性微生物絮凝剂MBF-As，开展砷抗性菌株生物学特性、絮凝活性、砷生物富集效果及絮凝性能研究，掌握砷在生物絮凝过程的迁移规律，同时探究生物絮凝和化学絮凝行为在富集除砷过程中的竞争、相互干扰或促进作用，深入揭示生物絮凝和化学絮凝同时去除水体中As(III)和As(V)的砷捕集性能及协同作用机制，优化调控方法，为今后开展实际水体砷污染治理应用研究提供重要的理论基础和数据支撑。

中文关键词： 高原湖泊；砷污染；生物强化；化学絮凝；协同作用

英文摘要： Arsenic pollution in water exerts great risks on human health and ecosystem, and has been recognized as a globally environmental challenge, which is especially serious in some areas of Yunnan Province. Although microbial flocculation technology has gradually become an important research field of arsenic pollution in water, the removal mechanism of microbial flocculant for arsenic still needs to be further discussed clearly, and a few researches on simultaneous removal of As(III) and As(V) in water have been reported. This project intends to isolate and enrich arsenic-resisting bacteria from high arsenic contaminated soil, tailings or slag, and prepare microbial flocculants (MBF-As) of high arsenic removal. The biological characteristics of arsenic-resisting bacteria, flocculating activity and properties of MBF-As, and arsenic bioconcentration effect will be studied to make arsenic degeneration law clear in microbial flocculation. The competition, interference or promotion of microbial flocculation and chemical flocculation behavior in flocculation process of arsenic enrichment and removal will be studied in detail to reveal the law of flocculation,the removal performance and synergistic effect mechanism of As(III) and As(V) by biological flocculation and chemical flocculation processes simultaneously. The research results of this project will lay a wonderful theoretical foundation for the treatment of the actual water with heavy metal arsenic pollution in future.

英文关键词： plateau lake;arsenic pollution;microbial coagulation;chemical coagulation;synergistic effect mechanism