近着丝粒区油菜隐性三系核不育上位基因Rf克隆和功能分析

项目名称： 近着丝粒区油菜隐性三系核不育上位基因Rf克隆和功能分析

项目编号： No.31201267

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 食品科学、农学基础与作物学

项目作者： 江莹芬

作者单位： 安徽省农业科学院

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 隐性细胞核雄性不育是油菜杂种优势利用的重要途径。甘蓝型油菜隐性核不育三系因不育性稳定、不育基因易转育、恢复谱广、无胞质负效应、制种产量高等优点在生产上得到广泛应用，但其不育分子机理研究相对滞后。该系统不育性状受两对隐性重叠不育基因（ms1和ms2）与一对隐性上位基因（rf）互作控制。本项目在前期已将上位基因Rf定位于A基因组A7连锁群和甘蓝型油菜TN群体A7染色体近着丝粒区。本研究拟针对近着丝粒区重组交换率低的特点，利用含Rf基因的3个不同遗传背景BC1大分离群体和一批特异种质资源，通过近着丝粒区特异分子标记开发、上位基因所在区域DNA序列测定、序列变异与育性表现的关联分析等手段对Rf基因进一步精细定位，图位克隆并验证其功能。预计研究结果有助于进一步阐明核不育分子机制，提高核不育三系在生产中的利用效率，同时也为近着丝粒区或交换非活跃区的基因克隆提供借鉴和参考。

中文关键词： 油菜；隐性核不育；基因克隆；基因功能；绒粘层细胞

英文摘要： The Recessive Genic Male Sterility is one of the most valuable resources for heterosis utilization in Brassica napus. The three-way recessive epistatic genic sterile system has been widely used in hybrid seed production for so many advantages as follows: the stable of sterility, easy transformation of sterile gene, broad spectrum of restoration and diverse cytoplasmic sources and high yield production of hybrid seeds. But the molecular basis of the genic sterile is not well known. That sterility is controlled by two pairs of recessive duplicated sterile genes (ms1 and ms 2) and one pair of recessive epistatic gene (rf).Our previous studies show that the epistatic gene Rf located in the centromeric region of A7 linkage group in Brassica napus. Based on the features that the recombination frequency is always low around the centromeric region, this research use three different BC1 segregative populations and some special germplsams for fine mapping and cloning the Rf gene through marker development, DNA sequencing of Rf gene's region, association analysis between fertility and sequence variations, and candidate genes transoformation. The results of this study, certainly, will facilitate understanding the genetic basis of genic male sterility and enhancing their applications in hybrid breeding program in Brassica n

英文关键词： Brassica napus；Recessive Genic Male Sterility；gene cloning；gene function；tapetum