超声背散射法评价松质骨各向异性微结构的方法研究

项目名称： 超声背散射法评价松质骨各向异性微结构的方法研究

项目编号： No.11504057

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 刘成成

作者单位： 复旦大学

项目金额： 24万元

中文摘要： 随着现代社会老龄化加剧，骨质疏松症及其诊断技术得到越来越多的关注。超声背散射法可以反映骨量状况和X射线无法提供的微结构信息，在骨质评价方面极具潜力。但是目前超声在松质骨各向异性微结构中的背散射机制仍未被充分理解，皮质骨对在体背散射测量也存在严重地干扰。这些关键问题阻碍了超声背散射法诊断骨质疏松症的临床应用。. 本项目通过理论分析，数值仿真结合离体、在体实验等方法，重点研究超声背散射与松质骨各向异性微结构的关系，分析背散射法估计松质骨各向异性微结构信息的可行性；研究皮质骨对背散射测量的影响，并提出影响补偿方案。. 本项目研究成果不仅能丰富超声在各向异性复杂介质中传播规律的理论研究，为骨质评价提供新的思路和方法（科学意义），而且还能促进超声背散射法诊断骨质疏松症的临床应用，对预防脆性骨折以及提高人民健康水平与生活质量具有极其重要的意义（应用价值）。

中文关键词： 超声背散射法；松质骨微结构；各向异性；皮质骨影响；评价

英文摘要： As the aged population continues to grow in modern society, osteoporosis and its diagnosis techniques are attracting more and more attention. Ultrasonic backscatter has shown great potential in cancellous bone evaluation, as the backscatter can provide information about the bone mass and the trabecular microstructure which cannot be provided by the X-ray based methods. However, the backscattering mechanism of ultrasound in the anisotropic trabecular microstructure has not been fully understood and the cortical bone significantly influenced the in-vivo backscatter measurements. These key issues obstruct the clinical application of ultrasonic backscatter for osteoporosis diagnosis. . This proposal is carried out with theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and in-vitro/ in-vivo experiments. Our focus is on the relationship between the ultrasonic backscatter and the anisotropic trabecular microstructure. We will investigate the feasibility of using the backscatter method to estimate the anisotropic microstructure information. The influence of the cortical bone on the backscatter measurement will be analyzed and the compensation method will be also proposed.. The research achievements of this proposal will enrich the theory for ultrasound propagation in the anisotropic complex medium, and provide new approach and method for cancellous bone evaluation (scientific significance). This proposal also furthers the clinical application of ultrasonic backscatter for osteoporosis diagnosis, with important significance for preventing fragile fracture and improving the health level and the quality of life (application value).

英文关键词： Ultrasonic backscatter;Cancellous bone microstructure;Anisotropy;Cortical bone influence;Evaluation