一维核壳结构M/C-N@GC（M=Fe、Co）非铂催化剂的可控制备及氧还原催化性能的研究

项目名称： 一维核壳结构M/C-N@GC（M=Fe、Co）非铂催化剂的可控制备及氧还原催化性能的研究

项目编号： No.21273114

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 梁彦瑜

作者单位： 南京航空航天大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 使用非铂催化剂是降低燃料电池生产成本、进一步扩大其应用范围的新型能源技术。如何设计并制备具有高催化活性和长循环寿命的非铂催化剂是该领域研究的重点和难点问题。本课题拟采用同轴静电纺丝技术，可控制备含M（M=Fe、Co）的核（PAN）壳（PVP）聚合物纤维，热解还原并在纤维外层包覆薄层石墨碳网格(GC)，构建核壳结构的M/C-N@GC纳米纤维非铂催化剂。在核壳结构中：（1）纳米纤维的特殊结构，增加固-液-气三相接触面积，加速电子/质子和水的空间分离；（2）M-C、M-N、C-N多种催化活性位的设计，形成叠加电子效应，产生协同催化效果；有效提高氧还原的催化活性。壳层GC网格的包覆和核层N掺杂可以抑制M粒子的溶解、迁移和团聚，提高催化剂整体的循环寿命。本课题将对M/C-N@GC纳米纤维的制备工艺、氧还原催化性能、机理及构-效关系进行系统研究，为制备新型高效非铂催化剂提供技术支持。

中文关键词： 燃料电池；氧还原；非铂催化剂；核壳结构；

英文摘要： The developement of platinum-free catalysts is regarded as one of the new energy technologies to decrease the cost of fuel cell stacks and broaden their large-scale commercial applications. How to design and synthesize platinum-free catalysts with highly catalytic activity and stable cycle life for oxygen reduction reaction is an important and difficult issue in this field. In this project,one-dimensional core-shell structured M/C-N@GC (（M=Fe、Co）nanofibers will be controllable synthesized through coaxial electrospinning by pyrolysis of core (PAN) and shell (PVP+M) structured ploymers followed by coating thin graphitic carbon networks outside. In the core-shell frameworks, (1)the formation of distinctive structure on the nanofibers will increase the interface among the solid-liquid-gas three phases, accelerating the rate of spatial separation of electrons/protons and water; (2) the design of a variety of M-C,M-N and C-N catalytic sites in one system could form coupled electron effect,therefore, yielding the synergistic catalytic function,the above two points will improve significantly the catalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction. The coating of graphitic carbon networks outside and nitrogen doping inside will inhibit the dissolution, migration and aggregration of the M nanoparticles, then increasing the

英文关键词： Fuel Cells；Oxygen Reduction；Platinum-Free Catalysts；Core-Shell Structure；