稀土-镍双金属纳米催化剂的可控制备及抗积炭性能调控研究

项目名称： 稀土-镍双金属纳米催化剂的可控制备及抗积炭性能调控研究

项目编号： No.21303202

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 陈毓敏

作者单位： 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 二氧化碳与甲烷重整制合成气是实现二氧化碳大规模利用的重要途径之一，具有显著的环保效益和经济效益。如何提高非贵金属催化剂的抗积炭性能，一直是二氧化碳甲烷重整反应实现大规模应用迫切需要解决的关键科学问题之一。本项目拟将稀土元素引入催化剂，利用双金属的协同效应来调控催化剂的抗积炭性能。我们将合成一系列组成和结构可控的稀土-非贵金属（如镍基）纳米催化剂，研究双金属纳米催化剂几何结构、电子结构和表界面结构对抗积炭性能的影响，获得构效关系的规律性认识。本项目创新性地将纳米效应交叉融合到催化科学中，提供了丰富的调控催化剂抗积炭性能的要素，比如量子尺寸效应、形状效应及表界面效应。相对于目前普遍采用的将稀土元素随机掺杂到催化剂中作为助剂，运用纳米技术合成结构可控的双金属纳米催化剂，为系统研究构效关系提供了可能。

中文关键词： 双金属纳米结构；二氧化碳再生利用；协同效应；抗积炭；构效关系

英文摘要： The reforming of carbon dioxide with methane to syngas is an important route for a large-scale reutilization of carbon dioxide, since it has significant environmental and economic benefits. How to improve the coke resistant property of nickel-based catalyst is a key scientif issue which is urgent to be resolved for this application. In this project, We intend to tune the coke resistant property based on the bimetal synergistic effect by inducing rare earth metals as the second metal component.We are going to synthesize a series of rare earth-nickel bimetal catalysts with defined compositions and structures, such as nano-alloys and heterostructures. The relationship between the composition, structure (including geometric structure, electronic structure and surface/interface structure) and coke resistant property of bimetal catalysts will be carefully investigated. The results will provide theoretical rules for the stucture-property relationship of nanocatalysts.In this project, quantum size effect, shape effect and surface/interface effect in nanoscience are introduced to catalysis science, providing plentiful means to manipulate catalytic property (such as coke resistant propertiy). Comparing with the fashion using rare earth metals as additives, the preparation of bimetal nanocatalysts with controlled structure

英文关键词： bimetallic nanostructure；CO2 reutilization；synergistic effect；coke resistant；structure-property relationship