基于静电纺纳米纤维膜的摩擦型纳米发电机的研究

项目名称： 基于静电纺纳米纤维膜的摩擦型纳米发电机的研究

项目编号： No.51473034

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 俞昊

作者单位： 东华大学

项目金额： 83万元

中文摘要： 摩擦纳米发电机可以将环境中的机械能转化为电能而受到关注。目前关于摩擦纳米发电机的研究所使用的材料都是致密的高分子薄膜，并且需要通过繁琐并且昂贵的后处理加工方法来制备具有微/纳米结构的粗糙表面，才能使其具有比较好的发电效率，且其表面易磨损。静电纺丝是一种简单、廉价的制备一维纳米结构的代表性技术，可以方便地构建微/纳米结构的粗糙表面，同时具备纤维结构所带来内外一致的结构的特性，使其具有长效性。本项目主要研究静电纺聚合物薄膜的表面形貌、电纺膜厚度等物理因素及聚合物得失电子能力和表面驻留电势的大小与极性，驻留时间等驻极效应对摩擦发电机输出电压和功率的影响。进而对提高静电纺纤维薄膜基摩擦纳米发电机工作机制的认识并形成相关理论。

中文关键词： 静电纺丝；表面电势；摩擦起电；驻极体

英文摘要： Triboelectric nanogenerators have recently been used to harvest mechanical energy from surrounding environment which is of great significance in the field of energy conversion. However, the traditionally used materials are dense polymer films and the fabrication of micro/nanostructures on the surfaces of triboelectric materials which is to enhance the friction effect and enable production of a high-output generator, are not only difficult and complicated, but are also extremely costly and easily-worn . Electrospinning provides a simple, low cost and versatile method for the generation of 1D nanostrucutures. It has many advantages of replacing the commonly used dense films with nanofiber membranes for designing the triboelectric nanogenerators, such as the wear resistance caused by the internal and external consistency of the electrospun membranes. This project mainly focused on the influence of physical factors (such as nanofiber diameter, orientation, surface morphology, porosity and thickness) polarity of polymer and electret effect (surface residual potential, residual time,etc.) on the performance of triboelectric nanogenerators. The relative theory and mechanism about electrospun membrane based triboelectric nanogerators need to be studied further.

英文关键词： Electrospinning;Surface potential;Triboelectricity;Electret