新型热释电纳米发电机及自驱动传感研究

项目名称： 新型热释电纳米发电机及自驱动传感研究

项目编号： No.61504019

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 张虎林

作者单位： 电子科技大学

项目金额： 18万元

中文摘要： 环境中存在着大量的温度空间分布均匀却随时间变化的废弃热能。利用塞贝克效应通常无法收集这种能量，而热释电效应是必须的选择，它是关于自发极化在某些各向异性的固体中随温度涨落的结果。如何利用热释电效应来高效地、方便地收集环境中的热能是实现温度没有空间梯度的废热发电的关键。另外，目前所有的传感器都需要外界对其供电或者安装蓄电池才能工作。传统的依靠电网或者蓄电池来供电的方法将不能满足或者不能适应传感器网络未来的工作要求和环境。本项目将基于热释电效应，采用将铁电氧化物薄膜集成生长于金属电极的方法，构建出一种新型的纳米发电机，即单电极热释电纳米发电机，并利用该纳米发电机收集环境中废弃的热能以及用作不需要外界电源或者蓄电池而能够工作的自驱动传感器。同时，结合实验测试以及建立的物理模型，系统地分析单电极热释电纳米发电机的发电原理和自驱动传感原理，揭示其中蕴藏的物理本质。

中文关键词： 铁电器件；能量收集；传感器

英文摘要： Wasted heat with a spatially uniform and time-dependent temperature is a rich source of energy in an environment, which can not be usually harvested based on the Seebeck effect. However, the pyroelectric effect has to be the choice, which is based on the spontaneous polarization in certain anisotropic solids due to a time-dependent temperature variation. How to use pyroelectric effect for efficiently and expediently harvesting thermoelectric energy is the key to achieving the electricity generation from the wasted heat without a spatial temperature gradient. On the other hand, an external power source is indispensable to sensors. The traditional method for driving sensors relying a power grid or battery is not able to meet the working requirements and is not suitable for future working environment of the future sensor network. In this project, we invent a new type of nanogenerators based on the pyroelectric effect——single-electrode pyroelectric nanogenerators, by using the integration of the ferroelectric oxide thin films with metal electrodes. The fabricated nanogenerator will be utilized for harvesting wasted thermoelectric energy and as a self-powered sensor operating without external power sources or batteries. Meanwhile, by combination of the experimental measurement with the established physical model, the electric-generation mechanism and self-powered sensing mechanism of the single-electrode pyroelectric nanogenerator will be proposed systematically, revealing the deep physical nature.

英文关键词： ferroelectric device;energy harvesting;sensors