甲酸为替代氢源对生物油中酚类组分加氢的研究

项目名称： 甲酸为替代氢源对生物油中酚类组分加氢的研究

项目编号： No.21203065

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 物理化学

项目作者： 关业军

作者单位： 华东师范大学

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 生物质催化转化关系到国家能源安全与可持续发展。快速热解方法可将木质纤维素类生物质高效转化为生物油(bio-oil)，其产率高达70%。生物油化学稳定性差，很难被直接加工。通过温和条件下适度加氢，可提高油品稳定性，与当前FCC过程耦合，部分或完全替代石油。然而，以氢气作为氢源存在安全性差及成本高的弊端，寻求廉价安全的替代氢源对生物质加氢走向实际工业应用具有重要意义。本研究提出以甲酸为替代氢源，Pd/MIL为催化剂，在温和条件下对酚类组分进行催化加氢，达到将生物油稳定化和提质的目的。项目拟合成具有不同结构特点的MIL材料，如孔道尺寸、金属Lewis酸强度及亲水-疏水性质。研究Pd/MIL催化剂上甲酸分解与苯酚加氢的协同性，探索反应中甲酸的利用效率。揭示MIL材料的性质对负载Pd催化剂反应性能的调控机制。获得加氢活性高，寿命长，抗中毒，能够用于真实生物油中酚类组分低温加氢的高效廉价催化剂。

中文关键词： 生物质；多相加氢；苯酚；金属有机骨架；纳米粒子

英文摘要： Renewable energy sources such as lignocellulosic biomass provide an attractive source of renewable carbon that can be sustainably converted into fuels and chemicals, allowing for a reduction in the need for fossil fuels and a net reduction in the amount of CO2 emitted. One promising way is to produce bio oil by fast pyrolysis, with yield of 65-70%. However, it remains a great challenge to store and convert bio oil because of its high unstability and tendency to form coke during reaction. By hydrogenation under mild condition, the H/C ratio and stability of bio-oil can be significantly improved. The hydrogenated bio-oil can then be used as a potential source in FCC process. Hopefully, it will be able to substantially replace fossil fuel in the near future. Unfortunately, the high cost of H2 resulted from its production, compression and tranportation makes the hydrogenation process non-economical. Hence, the biomass conversion technology using H2 is not competitive at this stage. Apparently, it is highly disirable to find alternative hydrogen sources instead of gas phase H2 for the pratical application of hydrogenation process. For instance, methanol and formic acid have been considered as potential condidates for biomass upgrading. Formic acid, one of the components in bio-oil, can decompose under mild condition

英文关键词： biomass；heterogeneous hydrogenation；phenol；metal organic framework；nanoparticle