基于DNA分子自组装技术的DNA核酸编码设计研究

项目名称： 基于DNA分子自组装技术的DNA核酸编码设计研究

项目编号： No.61472293

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 计算机科学学科

项目作者： 张凯

作者单位： 武汉科技大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： DNA自组装技术在纳米结构设计、DNA分子计算、靶向基因治疗、分子传感器等领域均有重要的研究意义和应用价值。然而，当DNA自组装求解问题规模较大时，生化试验容易出现碱基错配，解链温度不一致等问题，导致自组装试验的失败。本项目研究DNA自组装的核酸分子序列设计问题，拟利用动态规划算法和启发式搜索算法，设计满足各种热力学约束和生物约束，高可靠性的DNA分子Tile集合，以提高DNA自组装的有效性和可靠性。利用这些DNA分子具有统一的热力学特性，在自组装过程中不会相互干扰，能准确的退火杂交为目标三维或二维纳米结构。在此基础上，结合DNA Brick和DNA折纸术等技术，构建通用三维自组装纳米结构模型，探索具有实用功能的三维纳米结构设计方法，并设计生化试验对其可靠性有效性进行验证。该研究将提高DNA自组装技术的可靠性和求解问题的规模，为纳米结构设计、分子计算等生物工程技术提供可靠的理论和技术支持。

中文关键词： DNA自组装；DNA序列设计；纳米结构设计；DNA瓦片

英文摘要： DNA self-assembly technology is widely used in many fields, such as DNA nanostructure, DNA computing, gene therapy and molecular sensors. So this research has important academic significance and engineering applied value. However, when the scale of the DNA self-assembly increase, biochemical experiment often caused some troubles as base mismatches, and various melting temperature. The project focuses on the DNA sequence design for DNA self-assembly. It designs reliable DNA molecular tiles which satisfy thermodynamic and biological constraints by dynamic programming algorithm and heuristically search algorithm. These DNA molecular can improve the reliability and efficiency of DNA self-assembly. Furthermore, these DNA molecules fulfill uniform thermodynamic characters, and do not interfere with another during the hybridization reaction. The goal of our group is to apply DNA nanotech to construct 3D nanostructure model, and which has practical worthiness. The study can improve the precision and the reliability of DNA self-assembly, provide reliable theoretical and technical supports for biological engineering technology such as DNA nanostructure and molecular computing.

英文关键词： DNA Self-Assembly;DNA Sequence Design;Nanostruture Design;DNA Tile