近地空间环境下含Sc铝合金的高速撞击特性研究及可靠性评估

项目名称： 近地空间环境下含Sc铝合金的高速撞击特性研究及可靠性评估

项目编号： No.51471090

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 何良菊

作者单位： 清华大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 本项目采用动态指标与准静态指标相结合的材料设计方法，中俄共同研制开发具备在近地空间环境中抗空间碎片高速撞击性能的含Sc铝合金新材料。通过空间热循环、空间辐射模拟以及地面超高速撞击试验，研究含Sc铝合金在近地空间环境下的超高速撞击特性及动态失效模式。研究空间环境作用对含Sc铝合金的组织性能及抗高速撞击性能的影响，分析材料在近地空间环境下的性能演化规律；研究含Sc铝合金在高速撞击下的组织演变规律及材料微观组织对抗撞击性能的影响，分析Al3Sc或Al3(Sc,Zr)粒子对组织演变和抗高速撞击性能的影响机制；分析含Sc铝合金的高速撞击动力学行为，建立撞击极限曲线/方程，并通过有限元与光滑粒子耦合的仿真手段，进一步分析超高速撞击的动力学响应。最后，对含Sc铝合金在近地空间环境中抗高速撞击性能做出可靠性评估，建立高速撞击特性数据库及动态失效模式数据库，为我国航天器选材和防护设计提供理论及技术支持。

中文关键词： 含Sc铝合金；高速撞击；可靠性评估；近地空间环境

英文摘要： This project is aim to develop a novel Sc-containing alloy which possesses high resistive performances to hypervelocity impact by space debris in the Low Earth Orbit. This research will be accomplished by collaborating with Russian scientists. Both the dynamic indicator and the quasi-static indicator will be considered when designing the characteristic of the material. Sc-containing aluminum alloy will first be treated by the interspace thermal cycles and the interspace radiation simulation equipment, and then subjected to the hypervelocity impact test. The hypervelocity impact characteristics and the dynamic failure mode of the Sc-containing aluminum alloy will be studied. The coupling effect of the thermal cycles and radiation on the properties and resistive characteristics to the hypervelocity impact of the Sc-containing aluminum alloy will be studied. And the characteristics evolution law of the material in the Low Earth Orbit will be analyzed. The microstructure evolution law of the Sc-containing aluminum alloy under hypervelocity impact and the effect of Al3Sc or Al3(Sc,Zr) on the resistance to hypervelocity impact will be studied. And the hypervelocity impact behavior of Sc-containing aluminum alloy will be analyzed and the ballistic limit equations/curves will be established. To further analyze the dynamic response of hypervelocity impact, finite element coupled with smooth particle methods was used to simulate the hypervelocity impact process. A reliability assessment will be done on the resistive ability of the Sc-containing aluminum alloy to hypervelocity impact by the space debris in the Low Earth Orbit. At last, the databases of the resistive characteristics to the hypervelocity impact and the dynamic failure modes of the Sc-containing aluminum alloy will be established, which could provide theoretical guidance and technical supports to the material selection and protective structure design of spacecrafts in our country.

英文关键词： Sc-containing aluminum alloy;hypervelocity impact;reliability assessment;low earth orbit