颗粒形状对多孔介质中水流运动及其渗透特性影响研究

项目名称： 颗粒形状对多孔介质中水流运动及其渗透特性影响研究

项目编号： No.51279016

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 水利工程

项目作者： 张家发

作者单位： 长江水利委员会长江科学院

项目金额： 79万元

中文摘要： 多孔介质中颗粒形状会影响相互之间的接触方式和孔隙特征，进而影响到介质中的水流运动规律及其渗透特性。本项目以碎石颗粒为主要对象，研究建立颗粒三维形状评价指标及测量方法，以及颗粒群颗粒形状综合评价指标；以球形颗粒多孔介质为参照，通过CT技术和密度试验，开展规则形状颗粒和窄级配碎石土等多孔介质的对比研究，识别不同颗粒形状多孔介质的孔隙特征，对比分析颗粒形状对孔隙形态、结构和孔隙尺寸的影响规律；开展理论分析和渗流试验研究，揭示颗粒形状对层流条件下多孔介质中水流运动和渗透特性的影响程度与影响规律，建立考虑颗粒形状的多孔介质渗透性模型。项目成果将丰富多孔介质渗流理论，加深对岩土材料渗透特性的认识，并形成一套多孔介质孔隙特征和水流运动的微细观研究方法，为颗粒形状对土体渗透变形特性和反滤特性的研究打下基础, 为填筑材料的选用提供新的理论指导。项目研究既具有理论意义和创新性，也具有现实意义和应用前景。

中文关键词： 颗粒形状；测量；试验；孔隙；渗透性

英文摘要： The shape of grains in porous media is one of the main factors for the contact mode and pore characteristics among grains. Taking crushed stone gains as the main object, the proposal studies the measurement of 3D granular appearances, the evaluation index for individual grains, and the comprehensive evaluation index for the granular aggregate. Porous media composed of regular shape and crushed stones in a narrow range of size will be compared with that composed of spherical grains by CT and density tests. The influences of grain shape will be analyzed on pore characteristics, such as shape, structure and size of pores. On the basis of theoretical analyses and seepage tests, the effects of grain shape on laminar water flow in porous media and on the permeability of it will be revealed. Permeability model for porous media will be established with regard of grain shape. The research results will broaden hydro-dynamics of porous media, further understanding the hydraulic properties of soil material, and provide microscopic study methods for pore characteristics and water movement in porous media. Therefore, this study will lay foundation for the research on the effects of grain shape on soil piping and filtering, and would give instructions for the selection of fill material. So it is theoretical, innovative, practi

英文关键词： grain shape；measurement；test；pore；permeability