镜面钢球表面微小缺陷检测机构设计及其动力学特性

项目名称： 镜面钢球表面微小缺陷检测机构设计及其动力学特性

项目编号： No.51275140

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 赵彦玲

作者单位： 哈尔滨理工大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 钢球表面缺陷造成轴承失效占总失效的58.8%，已成为我国高速、高精度轴承使用的瓶颈。目前钢球表面缺陷检验仍采用人工目视，准确性、稳定性均难以保证，同时对检验人员眼睛带来极大的伤害，改善检验方式是轴承行业亟待解决的难题。钢球属光滑镜面，要保证钢球的全表面展开，需要从动力学和摩擦学等学科进行交叉综合研究，因此，针对钢球表面微小缺陷需要全检测的问题，研究镜面钢球全表面展开原理并对展开机构进行设计，建立合理的钢球运动轨迹模型；利用单因素试验法研究钢球与曲面接触摩擦磨损机理、材料属性及展开机构表面微观结构，确定摩擦副最优材料匹配模型；对钢球展开过程中的交变作用力进行分析，建立高速转动钢球和展开机构碰撞/接触动力学模型；研究钢球尺寸变化与展开机构结构参数相对应关系，建立展开机构的参数化设计模型，实现对不同型号钢球的全表面检测，为镜面钢球表面微小缺陷检测系统的实现提供理论依据和技术支持。

中文关键词： 镜面钢球；全表面展开；接触碰撞；增摩降磨；参数化模型

英文摘要： Steel ball,as the main parts of bearings, its surface defects cause bearing failure to 58.8% of total failure,which has become the important factors of bearing failure. At present, the inspection of surface defects still by artificial detection, the accuracy and stability are difficult to guarantee, meanwhile, it also brings enormous damage to the checkers' eyes. Therefore, it is an important problem to improve the inspection way to bearing industry. The surface of steel ball is very smoothly, in order to completely unfolding the surface, we need to study by crossovering and synthesizing on the dynamics and tribological. So, aiming at the problem that the surface tiny defects of steel ball need to be complete detected, research on the principle of the completely unfolded surface of steel ball, design a unwinding mechanism of the steel ball and establish a reasonable trajectory model of steel ball. Researching on the mechanism of surface friction and wear by single-factor tests, establish the optimal matching model of the driver surface. Analysising the alternating forces in the process of steel ball unfolding, establish the dynamics analysis contact-collision model between the high-speed rotating steel ball and the unwinding wheel. Research on the corresponding relation between the transformation of the steel ba

英文关键词： Mirror steel ball；Whole surface unfolding；Contacting collision；Increasing friction and reducing wear；Parametric model