适配子在结核分枝杆菌检测中的应用

项目名称： 适配子在结核分枝杆菌检测中的应用

项目编号： No.21465003

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 高分子科学

项目作者： 肖赛金

作者单位： 东华理工大学

项目金额： 50万元

中文摘要： 目前，确诊结核病这类重要的传染病的唯一标准是发现其传染源--结核分枝杆菌（MTB）。但是，MTB的生长极为缓慢，一般从痰、血液、尿等样品中培养MTB需要4-12周，从而使结核病的预防和治疗受到巨大的影响。因此，快速、准确、低成本的结核病诊断方法的建立具有临床价值。本项目拟①详细研究MTB与适配子的相互作用，筛选出能区分临床致病菌株和疫苗菌株且亲和力高的适配子；②借助纳米材料优越的性能，如金、银纳米粒子卓越的等离子体共振光散射性能等等，构建适配子的荧光和散射纳米复合探针，进一步建立选择性好、灵敏度高的MTB检测方法；③将新方法应用于复杂样品如痰、血液、尿等的分析中，以获得抗干扰能力强、灵敏度高、选择性好的MTB快速检测方法。本项目的实施将建立快速、灵敏、低成本的MTB检测方法，为结核病的快速诊断提供新的思路，并有望为快速、高灵敏度的结核病临床诊断提供新的技术支持。

中文关键词： 核酸适配体；结核分枝杆菌；纳米生物探针

英文摘要： Tuberculosis remains one of the most important infection diseases in the world, and is diagnosed definitively by identifying Mycobacterial Tuberculosis (MTB) in clinical samples. However, the main problem with tuberculosis diagnosis is the difficulty in culturing this slow-growing MTB (it may take 4 to 12 weeks), which significantly influence the diagnosis, prevention and therapy of tuberculosis. Thus, rapid and cost-saving method for tuberculosis diagnosis is urgyly required. In this project, ①the interaction between MTB and aptamers will be studied firstly. Aptamer with high affinity and can distinguish infection isolates and vaccine will be selected. ② Highly sensitive and selective aptamer-nanoparticle probes will be constructed in viture of excenlent properties of nanoparticles,for example the exceptional plasma reseanance light scattering ability of gold and silver nanoparticles. Further, new sensitive and selective MTB detection methods will be developed based on the aptamer-nanoparticle probes. ③ Validate the feasibiltiy of new methods in complex biological samples, such as sputum, blood and urine and methods that have high tolerance to complex biological samples and still sensitive and selective will be selected for futher study. From this project,new rapid,cost-saving and selective methods will be developed for MTB detection, and new strategy for tuberculosis diagnosis will be provided,which show a great primise in rapaid and sensitive diagnosis of tuberculosis in clinic.

英文关键词： Aptamers;Mycobacterial tuberculosis;nano-bioprobe