小麦抗白粉病新基因Pm2b的精细定位及转移利用研究

项目名称： 小麦抗白粉病新基因Pm2b的精细定位及转移利用研究

项目编号： No.31501388

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 食品科学、农学基础与作物学

项目作者： 马朋涛

作者单位： 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： KM2939是本实验室选育的穗粒数较高小麦-冰草新品系，全生育期高抗小麦白粉病。我们在KM2939 5DS染色体Bin 5DS-1-0-0.63上1.8 cM区间内发现了一个小麦抗白粉病新基因Pm2b，目前已将Pm2b进行了初步分子标记辅助选择育种和近等基因系创制。为推动Pm2b的精细定位和转移利用，本研究拟继续进行以下研究：(1)利用比较基因组学和转录组测序结合集群分离分析法(Bulked segregant RNA-seq, BSR-Seq)，开发基于小麦EST和SNP的分子标记，构建Pm2b高密度遗传连锁图谱，通过大规模分离群体的遗传连锁分析，精细定位Pm2b; (2)利用RNA-Seq差异表达的基因功能分析预测Pm2b的候选基因；(3)结合已有和新开发的分子标记，对Pm2b进行深入分子标记辅助选择育种和近等基因系创制。研究结果必将极大促进Pm2b的图位克隆和分子设计育种。

中文关键词： Pm2b；精细定位；比较基因组学；RNA-Seq；转移利用

英文摘要： KM2939 is a new wheat-Agropyron cristatum breeding line selected by our lab with significantly higher kernel number per spike and high powdery mildew resistance in the whole growing period. We identified a new powdery mildew resistance gene Pm2b in KM2939, and mapped it in a 1.8 interval in the deletion Bin 5DS-1-0-0.63 on chromosome arm 5DS. Pm2b has been used preliminary for marker-assisted breeding (MAS) and development of near-isogenic line (NIL). In order to promote fine mapping and transferred application of Pm2b in resistance breeding, focus will be given to the following areas: (1) to develop wheat-EST and SNP based markers combined comparative genomics and bulk segregant RNA-Seq (BSR-Seq) of F2:3 segregation families. These markers were used for constructing high-density genetic linkage map aiming at finely mapping Pm2b; (2) to predict candidate genes by functional analysis of differentially expressed genes from BSR-Seq; (3) to develop further MAS and NIL with higher recipient genome composition (RGC) using existing and new developed molecular markers. The results of this project will greatly facilitate map-based cloning and molecular design breeding of Pm2b.

英文关键词： Pm2b;Fine mapping;Comparative genomics;RNA-Seq;Transfered application