孕穗开花期低温胁迫对沈阳地区水稻生理生态及产量的影响研究

项目名称： 孕穗开花期低温胁迫对沈阳地区水稻生理生态及产量的影响研究

项目编号： No.31201124

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 食品科学、农学基础与作物学

项目作者： 王艳华

作者单位： 沈阳农业大学

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 本研究以沈阳地区普遍栽种的9023（中熟）、9035（中晚熟）和9036（晚熟）三个不同熟期水稻品种为研究对象，采用半盆栽半大田的栽培措施，通过在孕穗、开花期不同强度及持续时间的低温处理，采用LI-6400光合/蒸腾测定技术、室内逆境指标分析技术，系统研究低温冷害对不同熟期水稻产量及产量构成的影响，分析不同熟期水稻的光合作用、气孔导度及各逆境生理指标对低温胁迫的响应特征，揭示低温冷害对不同熟期水稻影响的生理生态机制，阐明不同强度及持续时间的低温冷害对水稻产量影响的程度，探讨合理的品种搭配策略。研究结果可为气候变暖情景下，正确评价水稻栽种品种界限的北移和越区种植晚熟品种的安全性及合理搭配不同熟期水稻品种提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 低温胁迫；水稻；生理生态；产量；品种搭配

英文摘要： With the global warming and thermal condition improving, it is becoming more prevalent to plant the late maturity rice in middle and high latitude regions where the heat conditions was usually limited to rice growth. Simultaneously the temperature variation was changed dramatically pacing with the rising mean temperature; the late maturity rice would not ripe and make its production decrease steeply once it was at lower temperature year, which would be very dangerous to food safety in China. Generally, the researches believed the most sensitive stage of rice growth to chilling damage was at time of booting and blooming. The harm been due to low temperature at other periods can be remedied by more scientific cultivated practices. In this project, a semifield cultivation experiment will be conducted in Shenyang region by planting three variaty rices of different maturity stage, which are 9023 (middle), 9035 (middle and late) and 9036 (late), respectively. The rices will be exposure to low temperature with different intensities and durations at both booting and blooming stages. This study will employ portable LI-6400 infrared-gas analyzer, combining the analysis of chlorophyll, MDA, POD, PRO, SOD contents and activities in laboratory. The prospective results will be as follows: (1)to analysis the influences of ch

英文关键词： Chilling damage；Rice；Physiecology；Yield；Variety arrangement