成瘾相关决策过程中规则学习能力下降的认知神经基础

项目名称： 成瘾相关决策过程中规则学习能力下降的认知神经基础

项目编号： No.31471071

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 神经、认识与心理学

项目作者： 张效初

作者单位： 中国科学技术大学

项目金额： 88万元

中文摘要： 决策能力降低是物质/非物质成瘾关键认知损伤之一。人在多次决策及反馈中，通常可以学会规则进而做出有利决策。爱荷华博弈任务(IGT)被广泛地用来研究这种规则学习及相关障碍，特别是成瘾者决策行为能力降低。然而对其核心认知成分- - 规则学习过程及其学习能力下降的神经机制还比较缺乏研究。申请人最近的实验，利用经济学、计算机建模等新方法，发现了前额叶、边缘系统等脑区及环路与IGT中规则学习过程相关。并且很多研究者(包括申请人)都在成瘾者的这些脑区及环路发现损伤。因此，本项目拟利用磁共振、脑电等工具，分析成瘾者在决策中规则学习过程相关的脑区及环路的活动改变，以了解成瘾者决策能力降低的脑机制，并利用经颅直流电刺激方法初步探索可能的治疗方法。这些研究结果将有助于理解成瘾相关脑区及环路损伤与决策障碍之间关系的神经基础和探索有效的干预方法，具有重要的社会和临床价值。

中文关键词： 成瘾；功能磁共振；决策；经颅直流电刺激；脑机制

英文摘要： The dysfunction of decision-making is a key impairment of cognitive function in substance and/or behavior addiction. By getting the feedback of choices for several times, people usually can get the rules and make right choices in the decision-making task. The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) which is used in the research of rule learning during decision making process, has widely accessed addiction related dysfunction in decision-making. However, the neural basis of its core cognitive component, i.e., rule learing, is still unclearly. By the analysis based on economic theory and computer modeling, our current results showed that the activity in the prefrontal area and the limbic system was significantly related to the process of the rule learning in IGT. As addiction related impairment in these circuits was found in many previous studies(including ours), the present project plans to analyze the brain activation and network characteristics during rule learning process of IGT in addicts with fMRI and EEG in order to understand the neural basis of dysfunctions during decision-making process in addiction and to explore a potential treatment with Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation. The results of this project will help understand the relationship between brain circuits impairment and decision-making dysfunction in addicts and search the new effective treatment, which will be of important social and clinical significance.

英文关键词： addiction;fMRI;decision making;tDCS;neural basis