单分散无机/PNIPAM核壳纳米结构的设计合成及其性能研究

项目名称： 单分散无机/PNIPAM核壳纳米结构的设计合成及其性能研究

项目编号： No.21271156

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 李春辉

作者单位： 郑州大学

项目金额： 78万元

中文摘要： 聚异丙基丙烯酰胺(PNIPAM)包覆无机纳米粒子形成的无机/PNIPAM核壳结构在催化剂、化学分离、化学传感器和药物释放等方面具有广泛的应用前景，发展新颖的无机/PNIPAM纳米核壳结构的制备方法是一项具有挑战性的课题。本申请的核心是利用PNIPAM可控聚合所需的链转移剂是表面活性剂的结构特点，首先制备出单分散纳米粒子，因其表面键合有疏水性的链转移剂，因而在聚合介质中具有稳定的分散性，然后进行溶液聚合，实现单体在纳米粒子表面的可控限域聚合，形成PNIPAM包覆无机纳米粒子的核壳结构，获得具有温敏特性的多功能纳米复合材料。采用不同的无机物作为核材料，所得核壳结构将具有不同的功能，从而实现核壳纳米粒子在多个领域的应用，为无机/高分子纳米核壳结构的制备提供思路，对开发设计新型功能材料具有重要意义。

中文关键词： 纳米结构；金属；形貌控制；催化性能；生长机理

英文摘要： There has been increased interest in coating surfaces of nanoparticles with a shell of stimuli-responsive polymer for their prospective applications in fields such as catalysis, photonics, electronics, optics and biomedicine. Among these, nanoparticles coated with thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) have been extensively studied for PNIPAM dissolved in water could undergo a clear-to-opaque transition at a temperature exceeding its lower critical solution temperature (LCST ≈ 32 oC), which is close to the physiologic temperature of human body, and nanospheres with PNIPAM as shell have been applied to biomedical field such as nucleic-acid extraction and purification, controlled release, and cell-culture substrates. However, during the traditional method to inorganic/PNIPAM core-shell nanostructures, the formation of "core" and the growth of "shell" were independent and retreatment was requisite to the "core" surface otherwise the polymerization cannot be confined onto the "core" surface. As to these research project, a two-step approach was designed to obtain inorganic/PNIPAM nanostructure. In the first step, monodisperse nanoparticles were prepared using an certain chain transfer agent as surfactant, and the obtained nanoparticles can be dispersed stably in ceratin solvent (THF, CHCl3, etc) becau

英文关键词： nanostructure；metal；morphology control；catalytic property；growth mechanism