高选择性铀酰离子聚合物荧光探针的设计合成与检测机制研究

项目名称： 高选择性铀酰离子聚合物荧光探针的设计合成与检测机制研究

项目编号： No.21504059

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 何伟伟

作者单位： 苏州大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 核能的不断开发利用增加了生物和环境与铀接触的概率。由于铀具有较高的化学毒性和放射毒性，因此水溶液中痕量铀的检测对于环境和人类健康具有重要意义。目前关于铀元素的检测研究多依赖于精密仪器以及一些生物方法。然而，所用仪器设备通常比较昂贵，生物方法需要比较复杂的制备以及操作过程，不利于实时、现场检测。本项目拟采用便捷的荧光技术进行对铀酰离子的检测。针对荧光小分子探针灵敏度低、性质单一等问题，将其接枝到对铀酰离子具有吸附作用的聚合物材料中，得到低成本、高选择性的聚合物荧光探针。通过聚合物富集和荧光小分子基团响应的协同作用，提升探针的检测性能。考察聚合物结构对材料性能的影响规律及荧光响应机制。聚合物的合成以及荧光测试方法成本较低，操作简便，最终可以得到实时、现场检测的高选择性铀酰离子聚合物荧光探针。

中文关键词： 高选择性；聚合物探针；荧光；铀酰离子；实时检测

英文摘要： Exploration and application of nuclear power raise the exposed propability of creature and environment to uranium. Detection of trace uranium in aqueous media is therefore quite important concerning environment safety and human health because of its chemical and radiological toxicity. Recent researches on detection of uranium most rely on sophisticated equipment and technique based on biomaterials. The required instrument is usually expensive and complicated preparation and operation was needed for fabricating biomaterials, which make real-time and on-site test unavailable. This subject will perform uranyl ion detection by convenient fluorescence technology. And the functional fluorescent group will be grafted on the polymer which could adsorb uranyl ion, to prepare polymer probe with low cost and high selectivity, for making up the deficiency of small molecules’ low sensitivity and monotonous property. The performance of the probe can be improved by combining enrichment effect of polymer and response of active groups towards uranyl ions. The effects of the composition and topology on the performance of the resultant materials as well as their detection mechanism will be investigated. Because of the low cost of preparation of polymer and operation of fluorescence technique, high selective polymer probe which cloud be used for real-time and on-site detection, can be prepared.

英文关键词： high selective;polymer probe;fluorescence;Uranyl;real-time detection