项目名称: 细水雾抑制航天飞行器中火灾的研究
项目编号: No.51276176
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 能源与动力工程
项目作者: 秦俊
作者单位: 中国科学技术大学
项目金额: 77万元
中文摘要: 本课题通过对微重力环境下细水雾雾场特性、火焰燃烧特性以及细水雾抑制火焰方法和机理进行研究,寻求在载人航天舱内细水雾灭火的最佳方案。本课题拟在落塔等设施中开展相关研究。采用高速摄影、DPIV和计算机模拟等方法研究微重力下细水雾雾场的雾化锥角、粒径大小、速度分布、运动轨迹等特征参数,定量地研究细水雾在微重力条件下的特征;通过高速摄影的方法、微热偶与红外热成像相结合的方法、烟气分析仪测量CO等成分浓度的生成速率的方法研究固体材料的燃烧特性;通过高速摄影、DPIV、微热偶与红外热成像相结合的方法研究细水雾与火焰作用的机理,研究微重力条件下细水雾雾滴粒径尺寸、粒径分布、雾滴运动轨迹和运动速度及其分布等特征参数与熄灭火焰的临界参数,并从汽化吸热冷却反应区、阻隔氧气和热辐射回馈、冷却燃料、稀释反应气浓度等几个方面对微重力条件下细水雾灭火的机理进行研究,并揭示细水雾抑制固体火焰的规律。
中文关键词: 微重力;细水雾;固体火;机理;方法
英文摘要: To find the best way to extinguish flame by water mist in spacecraft, we investigate the mist characteristics, flame parameters and impact mist have on flame. Experiment will be carried out in drop tower. Water mist will be studied quantificationally in angle of core, mist size, mist velocity, trajectory by high-speed carmera, DPIV, and simulation in microgravity. Combustion characteristics of solid materials will be studied by high-speed camera, micro-thermocouple with a combination of infrared thermal imaging and the generationrate of the concentration of CO measured flue gas analyzers and other components. Employing high-speed photography, DPIV, micro-thermocouple and thermal infrared imager, we study the interaction of mist and flame, and characteristics of mist, including droplet diameter size, size distribution, drop trajectory and distribution, and characteristics of flame extinguish. Also we study on mechanism of extinguishment of flame by water mist and claim the rule of extingusihment of solid fire, by cooling interaction area, insulating oxygen and thermal radiation feedback, cooling fuel, diluting the concentration of reaction gas.
英文关键词: microhravity;water mist;solid fire;mechanism;method