慢性间断低氧对家兔颏舌肌运动皮质区调控上气道扩张肌的影响及作用机制

项目名称： 慢性间断低氧对家兔颏舌肌运动皮质区调控上气道扩张肌的影响及作用机制

项目编号： No.30871136

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 王玮

作者单位： 中国医科大学

项目金额： 29万元

中文摘要： 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome，OSAHS)表现为睡眠时上气道塌陷、慢性间断低氧，但觉醒时并不发生，这可能与觉醒时肌肉的神经代偿有关，故了解觉醒时上气道扩张肌的中枢控制是探讨OSAHS发病机制和合理治疗的关键，将为尚属空白的OSAHS药物治疗提供新思路。应用经颅磁刺激（transcranial magnetic stimulation，TMS）已发现OSAHS患者颏肌舌（Genioglossus，GG）运动皮质区反应性增高，反应时间与呼吸暂停指数负相关, 本研究进一步通过观察慢性间断低氧大鼠GG运动皮质区的TMS反应和细胞凋亡情况、氧化应激反应，发现慢性间断低氧可引起大鼠GG运动皮质区反应代偿性增强，反应时间和幅度随低氧时间的不同而变化，这一代偿反应与中缝核血清素系统相关，阻断中缝核血清素神经元会阻止代偿反应的发生，在舌下神经核处加入外源性血清素则增加慢性间断低氧时GG运动皮质区的代偿反应，提示血清素参与介导了慢性间歇低氧引起的中枢代偿反应。

中文关键词： 间断低氧；上气道；经颅磁刺激；氧化应激；血清素

英文摘要： Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is characterized by recurrent collapse of upper airway and intermittent hypoxia during sleep. It does not occur during daytime, which may be related to the neuromuscular compensatory mechanisms. Hence, it is important to explore the central control of upper airway dialtor muscles for the treatment of OSAHS. We have already observed the increased genioglossus (GG) corticomotor responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS） in OSAHS patients, and found that the response latency was negtively related to the apnea-hypopnea index. This study further evaluated the TMS responses, apoptosis and oxidative stress of GG corticomotor area of the mice during intermittent hypoxia. It showed that intermittent hypoxia induced the oxidative stress of GG corticomotor area and increased the GG central motor compensation of the mice. Serotonin in the raphe nucleus and the hypoglossal nuclei played an important role in this compensation.

英文关键词： intermittent hypoxia;upper airway; transcranial magnetic stimulation;oxidative stress;serontonin