长余辉纳米探针在淋巴瘤相关microRNAs的检测及荧光示踪的应用研究

项目名称： 长余辉纳米探针在淋巴瘤相关microRNAs的检测及荧光示踪的应用研究

项目编号： No.21305103

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 张毅

作者单位： 天津医科大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 微RNA(microRNAs)是一类短小的非编码RNA，研究表明它与多种癌症相关，因此，分析microRNAs的浓度、分布和运动对于肿瘤的早期诊断以及阐明microRNAs在肿瘤发生、发展中的作用具有重要的意义。然而，现有microRNAs的光学检测和成像技术仍存在以下局限：背景荧光干扰、探针易被光漂白而不适于跟踪观测。针对淋巴瘤特异性microRNAs的体外检测及活细胞内示踪成像，本课题设计构建一系列元素组成不同、荧光波长各异、余辉长达数小时的发光纳米材料，利用该材料的余辉时间长、背景干扰低、制备简单、纳米尺寸和组成元素低毒甚至无毒等优点以及分子信标技术的高选择性和高灵敏度的特点，实现淋巴瘤相关的典型microRNA的体外检测，并在进一步提高空间、时间分辨率和延长观测时间的基础上，考察microRNAs在淋巴瘤细胞内的分布与运动，所取得的研究结构将推动生物纳米技术癌症早期检测方面的发展。

中文关键词： 长余辉；纳米探针；微RNA；荧光示踪；肿瘤

英文摘要： MicroRNAs comprise an abundant class of small noncoding RNAs which are related with many cancers, thus the quantification of the microRNAs and the research on the cellular location and the motion of microRNAs are important for both the early diagnosis of malignant tumor and the clarification of effect taken by microRNAs on the pathogenesis and the development. However, the development of the optical detection and the fluorescen imaging of microRNAs are still limited by the high background fluorescence from samples and the poor photo-stability of probe which is unconformable for optical tracking. Aiming to explore the detecting and the tracking of microRNAs specially related with lymphoma, a serial long afterglow nanomaterials with different elements, different fluorecence wavelength and novel fluorescence lifetime as long as several hours will be developed. Combining the merits from the long afterglow materials including the low background fluorescence, the simplicity of synthesis and the low toxicity, and those from molecular beacon including the high selectivity and sensitivity, the in vitro detection of microRNAs will be accomplished; with the improvement of the spacial and temporal resolution and the elongation of tracking peroid, the cellular location and the dynamic motion of the microRNAs within lymphoma

英文关键词： long afterglow or long persistent luminescence；pernano-probe；microRNAs；fluorescence tracking；tumor or cancer