特征-知识融合的考古遗址时空重建与分析方法研究

项目名称： 特征-知识融合的考古遗址时空重建与分析方法研究

项目编号： No.41471102

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 杨林

作者单位： 南京师范大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 考古遗址是进行考古研究的第一现场，考古遗址时空数据是文化遗产展示、修复、保护和研究的第一手资料。遗址场景的精密测绘和遗址空间分析是当前考古数字化研究的热点。但现有研究多专注于遗址场景和单个古建筑体的表面模型重建以及遗址间/聚落遗址的空间分析，较少关注遗址内遗存的时空关系研究。针对该问题，本课题以提高遗址考古科学性为目标，面向遗址考古发掘现场和发掘过程，基于以地面三维激光点云为主的多源时空数据和面向对象数据模型构建方法，融合遗址内遗迹、遗物和地层的特征与考古知识，重点研究遗存特征-知识的抽取、表达与推理方法，重建遗址各要素的时空关系，并基于此展开遗址内考古对象时空分析，探究遗存时空分析模式和策略，为定量考古与遗址时空重建提供科学方法，为揭示和认识古代社会演化规律提供基础的理论与方法研究。

中文关键词： 考古知识发掘；GIS数据模型；三维激光扫描；空间分析模型；地理信息系统

英文摘要： Archaeological site is the first field for archaeological research, and spatio-temporal data of the archaeological sites are the first-hand information for cultural heritage exhibition, repair, protection and research. Accurate surveying and mapping and space analysis is researching hotspot in current digital archaeology. But the current research focuses more on the surface modeling and reconstruction of the site scene and ancient building, and space analysis among the historical sites, but less on the spatio-temporal relationship among the remaining vestiges in one site. So, in order to improve the scientific level of archaeology, archaeological excavation process is oriented, which mainly includes fusing the features and knowledge of ruins, relics and strata, based on multi-source spatio-temporal data (mainly the 3D point cloud data), and object-oriented data model, emphasizing on characteristics - knowledge extraction, expression and reasoning methods. The research aims at rebuilding the spatio-temporal relationship of the ruins, and based on this 3D archaeological site scene exploring the remains spatio-temporal analysis model and strategy, providing scientific methods for quantitatively archaeological research and spatio-temporal reconstruction, and providing basic theories and methods for exploring and deep understanding of ancient social evolution laws.

英文关键词： Archaeological knowledge mining;GIS data model;LiDAR;Spatial analysis model;Geographical Information System